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Randomized, Triple-Blind, and Parallel-Controlled Trial of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Cognitive Rehabilitation after Stroke
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The Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Inhibitory Control Training on Working Memory in Post-stroke

Csaba Kazinczi1,2, Noemi Szepfalusi1, Viola Luca Nemeth1

  • 1University of Szeged, Department of Neurology; 6, Semmelweis Street, Szeged 6725, Hungary.

Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica : a Magyar Pszichofarmakologiai Egyesulet Lapja = Official Journal of the Hungarian Association of Psychopharmacology
|July 3, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Combining transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and cognitive training may improve working memory in stroke survivors. Sole interventions showed no significant benefits, suggesting a synergistic effect for neurorehabilitation.

Keywords:
rehabilitationstroketranscranial direct current stimulationcognitive trainingworking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Working memory impairment is common after stroke, impacting daily life.
  • Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and cognitive training are used in neurorehabilitation.
  • Investigating combined interventions is crucial for stroke recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the individual and combined effects of anodal tDCS and inhibitory control training on post-stroke working memory.
  • To compare the efficacy of single versus combined neurorehabilitation strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-five post-stroke patients were randomized into three groups: active tDCS, sham tDCS with training, or active tDCS with training.
  • Working memory was assessed using the Digit Span Task, Listening Span Task, Corsi Block Tapping Task, and Trail Making Test.
  • A Linear Mixed-effects Model was used for statistical analysis over a ten-session program.

Main Results:

  • A significant group-by-time interaction favored the combined tDCS and training group for forward digit span (p=.028).
  • Neither cognitive training nor tDCS alone yielded significant improvements in working memory functions.

Conclusions:

  • Sole application of cognitive training or tDCS may not be sufficient for improving working memory in post-stroke patients.
  • Combined tDCS and cognitive training might offer a more favorable approach for enhancing working memory.
  • Further research is warranted to confirm the effectiveness of combined neurorehabilitation strategies.