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Hepatitis E Genotype 1 Outbreak in Jharkhand, India: A Descriptive Analysis.
Neelam Mehta1, Minakshi Gupta1, Minakshi Mishra1
1TATA Main Hospital, Jamshedpur-831001, Jharkhand, India.
Infectious Disorders Drug Targets
|January 21, 2020
Summary
A hepatitis E virus (HEV) outbreak in Jamshedpur was caused by genotype 1, linked to contaminated drinking water. This highlights the need to screen for multiple hepatitis viruses during outbreaks.
Area of Science:
- * Epidemiology
- * Hepatology
- * Public Health
Background:
- * A significant waterborne outbreak of Hepatitis E virus (HEV) occurred in Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, between March and October 2018.
- * The outbreak necessitated a comprehensive clinical, serological, and etiological investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- * To investigate the clinical, serological, and etiological aspects of the Hepatitis E virus outbreak in Jamshedpur.
- * To identify the causative agent and transmission routes of the hepatitis outbreak.
Main Methods:
- * Screening of 584 cases for hepatotropic viral markers (Hepatitis A, B, C, E) using ELISA.
- * Extraction of demographic and clinical data from a hospital management system.
- * Detection of HEV RNA in water samples and genotyping via sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.
Main Results:
- * Hepatitis E genotype 1 confirmed as the primary etiological agent, linked to fecal contamination of drinking water from illegal connections.
- * Detection of mixed infections, including HEV-Hepatitis A (5.31%) and HEV-Hepatitis B (0.91%).
Conclusions:
- * Emphasizes the critical importance of screening for both enterically and parenterally transmitted hepatitis viruses during acute viral hepatitis outbreaks.
- * Underscores the role of contaminated water in HEV outbreaks and the need for robust public health surveillance.
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