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Related Concept Videos

Auditory Perception01:17

Auditory Perception

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The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the...
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Hearing01:31

Hearing

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When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
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Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Spectro-temporal modulation detection and its relation to speech perception in children with auditory processing

Younes Lotfi1, Abdollah Moossavi2, Parisa Jalilzadeh Afshari1

  • 1Department of Audiology, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
|January 21, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Children with auditory processing disorder (APD) show poorer spectro-temporal modulation (STM) detection, impacting their ability to understand speech in noisy environments. This study highlights STM detection as a key factor in listening difficulties for children with APD.

Keywords:
Auditory processing disorderSpectro-temporal modulationSpeech perception

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Area of Science:

  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Speech Perception Research
  • Pediatric Audiology

Background:

  • Children with auditory processing disorder (APD) frequently experience difficulties perceiving speech in noisy settings.
  • Deficits in processing acoustic information, potentially due to reduced spectro-temporal resolution, characterize APD.
  • Assessing spectro-temporal modulation (STM) sensitivity can reveal a listener's capacity to discern speech segments amidst background noise.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate spectro-temporal modulation (STM) detection in children with APD.
  • To examine the relationship between STM detection and speech perception abilities in children with APD.
  • To compare STM detection performance between children with APD and age-matched typically developing children.

Main Methods:

  • 35 children with APD and 32 normal-hearing children (aged 8-12) participated.
  • STM detection thresholds were measured across six conditions varying temporal rates (4, 12, 32 Hz) and spectral densities (0.5, 2.0 cycles/octave).
  • Correlations between STM thresholds and speech-in-noise tests (consonant-vowel, word recognition) were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Children with APD demonstrated significantly poorer STM sensitivity across all tested conditions compared to controls (p < 0.05).
  • APD children exhibited significantly elevated STM detection thresholds.
  • Significant correlations were observed between STM detection thresholds and speech perception in noise for both groups (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Altered encoding of spectro-temporal acoustic cues in the auditory system likely contributes to reduced STM detection in children with APD.
  • Impaired STM cue extraction may be a primary factor underlying listening challenges and poor speech perception in noisy environments for children with APD.