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Viral enteritis in intestinal transplant recipients
Abigail M Servais1, Megan Keck1, Mary Leick1
1Department of Pharmaceutical and Nutrition Care, Nebraska Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska.
Summary
Viral enteritis frequently affects intestinal transplant recipients (ITR), particularly children. Most cases resolve within a week with supportive care, highlighting the need for monitoring these vulnerable patients.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Transplantation Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Intestinal transplant recipients (ITR) require significant immunosuppression, increasing infection risk.
- Data on viral enteritis incidence and outcomes post-intestinal transplantation are limited.
- Viral infections can lead to significant morbidity in immunocompromised individuals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence and characteristics of viral enteritis in intestinal transplant recipients.
- To identify risk factors and outcomes associated with viral enteritis in this population.
- To evaluate the management strategies and resolution times for viral enteritis post-intestinal transplantation.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of intestinal transplant recipients transplanted between January 2008 and December 2016.
- Descriptive statistical analysis of patient demographics, viral pathogens, and clinical outcomes.
- Analysis of treatment modalities and time to clinical resolution of enteritis.
Main Results:
- Viral enteritis was diagnosed in 43.9% of 139 ITR.
- Norovirus and adenovirus were the most common viral pathogens identified.
- Pediatric ITR (58%) had a significantly higher incidence of viral enteritis compared to adult ITR (10%).
- Median time to clinical resolution was 5 days, with most cases treated supportively.
Conclusions:
- Viral enteritis is a common complication in intestinal transplant recipients, especially in pediatric patients.
- Supportive therapy is the primary treatment modality, with rapid resolution in most cases.
- Further research is warranted to explore specific preventative and therapeutic strategies for viral enteritis in ITR.
