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IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...
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The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
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Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

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Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...
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Updated: Dec 30, 2025

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[Novelties in Urology 2019].

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Technological advancements are improving urology, especially for prostate diseases and chronic micturition syndromes. Minimally invasive techniques and robotic surgery, including single-port models, show significant promise for better patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Medical Technology
  • Surgical Innovation

Background:

  • The early 21st century has seen rapid technobiologic progress in urology.
  • A key trend is the increasing adoption of minimally invasive approaches across various urologic conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in urologic treatments.
  • To highlight progress in managing prostate diseases and chronic micturition syndromes.
  • To discuss the role and future of single-port robotic surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent technological and surgical innovations in urology.
  • Analysis of improvements in minimally invasive surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia.
  • Evaluation of enhanced imaging techniques for metastatic prostate cancer.

Main Results:

  • Significant improvements noted in minimally invasive surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia.
  • Advanced imaging techniques have enhanced the diagnosis and management of metastatic prostate cancer.
  • Single-port robotic surgery represents a promising innovation requiring further validation against established multi-arm systems.

Conclusions:

  • Technobiologic progress and minimally invasive techniques are transforming urology.
  • Prostate disease management and chronic micturition syndromes are key areas of advancement.
  • Further research is needed to establish the non-inferiority of single-port robotic surgery.