Effect of Residual CaSO₄ in Clinker on Properties of High Belite Sulfoaluminate Cement Based on Solid Wastes

The high belite sulfoaluminate cement (HBSAC) containing CaSO₄, and without CaSO₄, based on solid wastes were successfully prepared from petroleum coke desulfurization slag (PCDS), fly ash (FA), carbide slag (CS), and bauxite (BX). The mineral composition of clinkers after different calcination history were investigated by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD)/Quantitative X-ray diffraction (QXRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), so as to determine the calcination temperatures. The difference between residual CaSO₄ and dihydrate gypsum (DG) and the optimal content of residual CaSO₄ were discussed by studying the properties of HBSAC. The results revealed that the residual CaSO₄ in clinker could replace DG to participate in hydration, and showed some advantages in strength and early hydration heat, but meanwhile increased the water requirement of normal consistency and hydration heat at 72 h, and prolonged the setting time. With the increase of residual CaSO₄ content in clinker, the lower limit temperature of clinker formation gradually increased, and the crystal size of clinker minerals became finer and the boundary between crystals became more blurred. However, the optimal calcination temperature (1300 °C) of HBSAC clinker did not change. Considering the effect of residual CaSO₄ content on the water requirement of normal consistency, setting time, hydration heat, strength, and hydration products, the optimal design content of residual CaSO₄ in HBSAC clinker based on solid wastes, such as PCDS and FA, was 15%.