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Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
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Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults With Schizophrenia.

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Older adults with schizophrenia often experience significant cognitive deficits, impacting daily functioning. This review examines cognitive changes, dementia risk, and potential treatments in this population.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Cognitive deficits are a core feature of schizophrenia, affecting over 70% of patients.
  • These deficits are strongly linked to functional impairments in individuals with schizophrenia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review emerging literature on cognition in older adults with schizophrenia.
  • To explore differences in cognitive functioning compared to healthy peers and younger patients.
  • To investigate factors, life course trajectories, and dementia risk associated with cognitive deficits.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of emerging research on schizophrenia cognition in older adults.
  • Analysis of factors influencing cognitive deficits over time.
  • Examination of life course trajectories and dementia development.

Main Results:

  • Older adults with schizophrenia exhibit distinct cognitive profiles compared to younger patients and healthy controls.
  • Specific factors and life course trajectories contribute to cognitive decline.
  • Increased risk and unique presentation of dementia in older adults with schizophrenia are noted.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive deficits persist and evolve in older adults with schizophrenia, influencing functioning and dementia risk.
  • Further research is needed to understand and treat cognitive impairments and comorbid dementia in this demographic.
  • Intervention strategies for cognitive deficits in older adults with schizophrenia require further investigation.