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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 30, 2025

Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear

Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear

Published on: August 24, 2012

Transient cAMP elevation during systems consolidation enhances remote contextual fear memory.

Jaehyun Lee¹, Hye-Ryeon Lee², Jae-Ick Kim²

¹Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanangno, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanangno 599, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory

|January 25, 2020

Summary

Transiently increasing cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the brain enhances remote fear memory. This effect was observed when cAMP levels were elevated specifically in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) during memory consolidation.

Keywords:

Anterior cingulate cortex Hippocampus Memory enhancement Memory transfer Remote fear memory cAMP/PKA pathway

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Disrupting Reconsolidation of Fear Memory in Humans by a Noradrenergic β-Blocker

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Published on: December 18, 2014

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Molecular Biology
Cognitive Science

Background:

Memory storage involves a temporal transition, transforming recent memories into remote ones for permanent storage.
This process, known as systems consolidation, involves multiple brain regions including the hippocampus and neocortex.
Understanding the molecular mechanisms and specific brain regions regulating memory consolidation is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying systems consolidation of memory.
To identify brain regions that regulate the transfer of memories for long-term storage.
To investigate the role of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in remote memory formation.

Main Methods:

Utilized a transgenic mouse model expressing Aplysia octopamine receptors in the forebrain to enable octopamine-induced cAMP elevation.
Administered a contextual fear memory test to assess memory recall.
Employed an adeno-associated virus-driven DREADD system for chemogenetic manipulation of specific brain regions.

Main Results:

Transient elevation of cAMP levels in the forebrain during systems consolidation enhanced remote fear memory.
This cAMP elevation also increased miniature excitatory synaptic currents in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC).
Chemogenetic induction of cAMP elevation specifically in the ACC, but not the hippocampus, significantly enhanced remote memory.

Conclusions:

Transient elevation of cAMP levels in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) during systems consolidation significantly enhances remote memory.
Neuronal activation in the ACC, mediated by cAMP elevation, plays a key role in strengthening remote memories.
The findings highlight the ACC as a critical region for the regulation of memory transfer into long-term associations.