Pilon fractures of the tibia: a study based on 19 cases

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Traumatology

Background:

• Pilon fractures, or tibial plafond fractures, are severe injuries affecting the ankle joint.
• These fractures often result from high-energy trauma and can lead to significant functional impairment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the functional outcomes of different treatment modalities for tibial pilon fractures.
• To compare operative versus non-operative management based on fracture classification.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective review of 27 tibial pilon fractures over five years.
• Fractures classified using the AO/ASIF system (Types I, II, III).
• Treatment methods included plaster splintage, open reduction internal fixation (ORIF), and external fixation.

Main Results:

• Non-operative treatment yielded good results for Type I fractures but poor results for Type II.
• Open reduction and internal fixation achieved good functional outcomes in 8 of 11 Type II and III fractures.
• Subtalar motion was negligibly affected in Type I, with recovery noted after internal fixation in Types II and III.

Conclusions:

• Open reduction and internal fixation are indicated for Type II and III tibial pilon fractures.
• Internal fixation facilitates recovery of hindfoot function in complex pilon fractures.
• Non-operative management is best suited for less severe Type I pilon fractures.