[Cutaneous hyperpigmentation secondary to vitamin B12 deficiency in an infant]

Area of Science:

• Pediatrics
• Dermatology
• Nutritional Science

Background:

• Cutaneous hyperpigmentation is an uncommon manifestation of vitamin B12 deficiency.
• The exact pathogenesis of vitamin B12 deficiency-induced hyperpigmentation remains unclear.
• This case highlights a rare clinical presentation in pediatric patients.

Observation:

• An 8-month-old infant presented with brownish hyperpigmentation on hands and feet.
• The infant also exhibited neuromaturative delay, hypotonia, anemia, and neutropenia.
• Symptoms had been evolving for 3 months prior to presentation.

Findings:

• Clinical suspicion of vitamin B12 deficiency was confirmed by laboratory testing.
• Laboratory results revealed significantly decreased cobalamin levels.
• The patient was diagnosed with vitamin B12 deficiency.

Implications:

• Vitamin B12 deficiency should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pediatric cutaneous hyperpigmentation.
• Early detection and appropriate cobalamin replacement therapy are crucial.
• Timely treatment can lead to rapid resolution of dermatological symptoms and potential improvement in associated neurological issues.