Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 30, 2025
11:34
Induced Differentiation of M Cell-like Cells in Human Stem Cell-derived Ileal Enteroid Monolayers
Published on: July 26, 2019
9.1K
MAIT Cells in Health and Disease
Nicholas M Provine1, Paul Klenerman1,2
1Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom;
Annual Review of Immunology
|January 28, 2020
Summary
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are abundant immune cells with diverse functions. Research highlights their antimicrobial roles and potential impact in both health and disease.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a potent, unconventional T cell subset.
- Their abundance in human circulation and tissues like the liver contributes to their significance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the emerging interest in MAIT cells.
- To discuss their functions, microbial targets, and roles in health and disease.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on MAIT cell biology.
- Analysis of factors contributing to MAIT cell research interest.
Main Results:
- MAIT cells are abundant and possess diverse functions.
- Discovery of their microbial targets and tracking tools has advanced research.
- MAIT cells are sensitive to inflammatory triggers, influencing T cell receptor-mediated signals.
Conclusions:
- MAIT cells play antimicrobial, homeostatic, and amplifier roles in vivo.
- Their functions can lead to protection against pathogens but also contribute to pathology.
- MAIT cells represent a significant area of study for immune responses and disease development.
Related Concept Videos
01:26Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity
1.2K
An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
1.2K
01:15Secondary Lymphoid Organs
8.7K
Secondary organs, including lymph nodes, the spleen, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), work harmoniously to protect us from disease and infection.
The spleen is a vital organ in the lymphatic system, nestled in the upper left side of the abdomen. It is composed of two primary regions: the red pulp and the white pulp, each having distinct functions. The red pulp performs a significant role in blood filtration. It efficiently purges the blood of old or damaged red blood cells and...
The spleen is a vital organ in the lymphatic system, nestled in the upper left side of the abdomen. It is composed of two primary regions: the red pulp and the white pulp, each having distinct functions. The red pulp performs a significant role in blood filtration. It efficiently purges the blood of old or damaged red blood cells and...
8.7K
01:40Cell-mediated Immune Responses
83.1K
Overview
83.1K
01:18Lymphoid Cells and Tissues
2.7K
Lymphoid cells and tissues are integral to the immune system, which is crucial in maintaining our body's defense against harmful pathogens. They form the building blocks of lymphoid organs, which include the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.
Lymphoid cells consist of various types of immune system cells. These include B and T lymphocytes, which are responsible for producing antibodies and killing infected cells, respectively. Dendritic cells act as messengers between the innate and adaptive...
Lymphoid cells consist of various types of immune system cells. These include B and T lymphocytes, which are responsible for producing antibodies and killing infected cells, respectively. Dendritic cells act as messengers between the innate and adaptive...
2.7K
01:24T Cell Types and Functions
2.0K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
2.0K
00:55Microvilli
8.7K
Microvilli are tiny finger-like projections found on the surface of certain cells. Their purpose is to increase the surface area of the cell's apical surface, resulting in more effective absorption or secretion of substances.
These microvilli are predominantly present in cells lining the small intestine, kidney tubules, and certain cells in the respiratory and reproductive systems. By significantly expanding the surface area of the cell membrane, microvilli enhance the cell's capacity...
These microvilli are predominantly present in cells lining the small intestine, kidney tubules, and certain cells in the respiratory and reproductive systems. By significantly expanding the surface area of the cell membrane, microvilli enhance the cell's capacity...
8.7K