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Transformation

Transformation

Microbial communities are dynamic environments where cell lysis releases free DNA into the surroundings. Other cells can take up this extracellular DNA through a process known as transformation.When a cell incorporates this foreign DNA into its genome, resulting in genetic modification, the process is known as transformation. Cells capable of this process are termed competent. Competence can be natural, as observed in certain bacteria and archaea, or artificially induced in the...

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Author Spotlight: Methods for Electroporation and Transformation Confirmation in Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM20016

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Towards high-throughput genome engineering in lactic acid bacteria.

Samuel M Rothstein¹, Swastik Sen², Thomas J Mansell³

¹Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, 2112 Sweeney Hall, 618 Bissell Rd, Ames, IA 50011, USA.

Current Opinion in Biotechnology

|January 28, 2020

Summary

Lactic acid bacteria are crucial for food fermentation. Advances in genome engineering and high-throughput selection methods are improving their industrial applications.

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Biotechnology
Food Science

Background:

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are essential starter cultures in food fermentation, influencing flavor, texture, and preservation.
Metabolic engineering of LAB aims to enhance desirable traits for industrial applications.
Genome engineering techniques are crucial for modifying LAB, but efficiency and throughput have been limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advancements in genome engineering techniques for lactic acid bacteria.
To highlight the impact of high-throughput selection methods on genome engineering efficiency.
To discuss future applications enabled by these improved techniques.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature on LAB genome engineering.
Analysis of recent developments in selection strategies for successful recombinants.
Synthesis of information on emerging high-throughput genome engineering applications.

Main Results:

Significant progress has been made in developing and refining genome engineering tools for LAB.
High-throughput selection methods have markedly increased the efficiency and speed of genetic modification.
These advancements facilitate the development of LAB with improved industrial characteristics.

Conclusions:

Genome engineering in lactic acid bacteria has advanced significantly, driven by high-throughput techniques.
Improved genetic tools and selection strategies are paving the way for novel applications in the food industry.
Further research in this area promises to enhance LAB functionality for diverse industrial needs.