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Related Concept Videos

Frustration and Conflict: Approach-Approach, Approach-Avoidance01:20

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Frustration occurs when people are obstructed or prevented from achieving a desired goal or fulfilling a perceived need. For example, when someone's input is ignored in a discussion, it can lead to feelings of frustration. Conflict, however, arises from opposing interests, goals, or actions. Conflicts can take various forms based on the nature of these opposing desires or goals.
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Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
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Avoidance-avoidance conflict refers to a psychological situation where a person must choose between two or more unpleasant alternatives. These conflicts are particularly stressful because neither option is desirable. This dilemma is often expressed in sayings like "caught between a rock and a hard place" or "between the devil and the deep blue sea." For instance, individuals who fear dental procedures may find themselves torn between enduring a painful toothache or facing the...
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Some individuals interpret life events as a consequence of their personal choices and actions, while others believe that outcomes are dictated by fate or destiny. This divergence in perspective has been examined in psychological and cross-cultural studies, particularly in relation to religious faith and cultural beliefs about causality.Fate and Personal ResponsibilityPeople who emphasize personal responsibility view events as direct consequences of their decisions. For instance, breaking a leg...
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During the 1950s, the landmark Robbers Cave experiment demonstrated that when groups must compete with one another, intergroup conflict, hostility, and even violence may result. At the Oklahoman summer camp, two troops of boys—termed the Rattlers and the Eagles—took part in a week-long tournament. During this time, their negativity culminated in derogatory name-calling, fistfights, and even vandalism and destruction of property. However, this work also revealed that such tension...
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Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses
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Conflict Changes How People View God.

Nava Caluori1, Joshua Conrad Jackson2, Kurt Gray2

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Virginia.

Psychological Science
|January 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Conflict and warfare increase the need for order, leading people to believe in a more punitive God. This research shows how societal conflict shapes religious beliefs and psychology.

Keywords:
beliefconflictcross-culturalcultural evolutionopen datapreregisteredreligion

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Psychology of Religion
  • Sociology of Religion

Background:

  • Intergroup conflict influences religious beliefs and practices.
  • Reciprocally, conflict can also shape the nature of religious adherence and theology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of conflict on religious belief, specifically the perception of God.
  • To explore the psychological mechanisms linking conflict to religious views.

Main Methods:

  • Four multimethod studies were conducted, including correlational analyses, experimental manipulations, and historical data analysis.
  • Studies involved large sample sizes (N=372, 911, 1065) and examined data from 1800 CE to 2000 CE.

Main Results:

  • Concern about conflict and intergroup tensions positively correlate with belief in a punitive God.
  • Experimental exposure to conflict salience increased perceptions of a punitive God, mediated by support for social regulation.
  • Historical analysis revealed warfare severity predicted global shifts in punitive-God belief.

Conclusions:

  • Threats of warfare and intergroup tension heighten the psychological need for order and obedience.
  • This increased need for regulation leads individuals to conceptualize God as more punitive.
  • Findings demonstrate that societal conflict can significantly alter religious beliefs and psychological orientations.