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Screening and Identification of RNA Silencing Suppressors from Secreted Effectors of Plant Pathogens
Published on: February 3, 2020
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Double-Stranded RNAs in Plant Protection Against Pathogenic Organisms and Viruses in Agriculture
S Y Morozov1,2, A G Solovyev1,2, N O Kalinina2
1International Laboratory «Resistom», The Skolkovo Innovation Center, Moscow, 143026 Russia.
Acta Naturae
|January 30, 2020
Summary
Plants can use artificial genes to create double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) for pathogen resistance. These dsRNAs, whether internal or external, trigger RNA interference (RNAi) to protect crops from viruses, fungi, and insects.
Area of Science:
- Plant science
- Biotechnology
- Molecular biology
Background:
- Plants can synthesize and utilize double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) and hairpin dsRNAs (hpRNAs).
- Both endogenous and exogenous dsRNAs are processed into small interfering RNAs (siRNAs).
- RNA interference (RNAi) pathways are crucial for gene silencing in plants and pathogens.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in using transgenes and exogenous dsRNAs for plant protection.
- To summarize data on suppressing fungal, insect, and viral virulence genes via RNAi.
- To analyze current understanding of dsRNA processing and transport mechanisms in plants.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing scientific literature on dsRNA applications in plant defense.
- Analysis of studies involving transgenic plants expressing dsRNA- or hpRNA-synthesizing genes.
- Examination of research on the application of exogenous dsRNAs for pathogen control.
Main Results:
- Plants can express artificial genes to produce dsRNAs/hpRNAs for pathogen suppression.
- Uptake and processing of exogenous dsRNAs/hpRNAs induce RNAi-mediated resistance.
- siRNAs derived from dsRNAs can spread within plants and target pathogens.
Conclusions:
- Transgenic plants and exogenous dsRNAs represent a promising biotechnological approach for crop protection.
- RNAi offers a versatile strategy to enhance plant resistance against diverse pathogens.
- Further research into dsRNA processing and transport will optimize RNAi-based strategies.
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