Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Models and Methods to Evaluate Transport of Drug Delivery Systems Across Cellular Barriers
18:57

Models and Methods to Evaluate Transport of Drug Delivery Systems Across Cellular Barriers

Published on: October 17, 2013

47.1K

Solute carrier transporters: the metabolic gatekeepers of immune cells

Wenxin Song1,2, Danyuan Li1,2, Lei Tao1,2,3

  • 1School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. B
|January 30, 2020
PubMed

Keywords:
3-PG, 3-phosphoglyceric acidABC, ATP-binding cassetteAIF, apoptosis-inducing factorAP-1, activator protein 1ASCT2, alanine serine and cysteine transporter system 2ATP, adenosine triphosphateBCR, B cell receptorBMDMs, bone marrow-derived macrophagesCD45R, a receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphataseCTL, cytotoxic T lymphocytesDC, dendritic cellsEAATs, excitatory amino acid transportersER, endoplasmic reticulumERRα, estrogen related receptor alphaFFA, free fatty acidsG-6-P, glucose 6-phosphateGLUT, glucose transportersGSH, glutathioneGlucoseGlutamineHIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alphaHIV-1, human immunodeficiency virus type 1Hk1, hexokinase-1IFNβ, interferon betaIFNγ, interferon gammaIKK, IκB kinaseIKKβ, IκB kinase beta subunitIL, interleukinLDHA, lactate dehydrogenase ALPS, lipopolysaccharideLymphocytesLyn, tyrosine-protein kinaseMAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinaseMCT, monocarboxylate transportersMS, multiple sclerosisMetal ionNADPH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphateNF-κB, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cellsNO, nitric oxideNOD2, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2PEG2, prostaglandin E2PI-3K/AKT, phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase/serine–threonine kinasePPP, pentose phosphate pathwayPfk, phosphofructokinaseRA, rheumatoid arthritisRLR, RIG-I-like receptorROS, reactive oxygen speciesSLC, solute carrierSLE, systemic lupus erythematosusSNAT, sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transportersSTAT, signal transducers and activators of transcriptionSolute carrierTAMs, tumor-associated macrophagesTCA, tricarboxylic acidTCR, T cell receptorTLR, toll-like receptorTNF, tumor necrosis factorTRPM7, transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 7Teffs, effector T cellsTh1/2/17, type 1/2/17 helper T cellsTregs, regulatory T cellsVEGF, vascular endothelial growth factorZIP, zrt/irt-like proteinsiNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthaseiTregs, induced regulatory T cellsmTORC1, mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1α-KG, α-ketoglutaric acid

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Expression and Purification of Human Solute Carrier Transporters Using Codon-Optimized Genes07:10

Author Spotlight: Expression and Purification of Human Solute Carrier Transporters Using Codon-Optimized Genes

Published on: September 29, 2023

4.3K
Measuring Mitochondrial Function of Naïve and Effector CD8 T Cells06:07

Measuring Mitochondrial Function of Naïve and Effector CD8 T Cells

Published on: March 28, 2025

892

Related Concept Videos

Membrane Transporters01:31

Membrane Transporters

Transporters are essential membrane transport proteins with functions related to cell nutrition, homeostasis, communication, etc. Approximately 7% of all genes in the human genome code for transporters or transporter-related proteins.
Transporters are mainly composed of alpha-helices, built from bundles of ten or more helices traversing the plasma membrane. The solute-binding sites are located midway, where some of the helices are broken or distorted, making space for the binding site through...
17.5K
The Significance of Membrane Transport01:44

The Significance of Membrane Transport

The transport of solutes across the cell membrane is essential for metabolic processes, like maintaining cell size and volume, generating the action potential, exchanging nutrients and gases, etc. Membrane transport can be either passive or active. It can be simple diffusion, facilitated, or mediated transport aided by transport proteins such as transporters and channels.
Transporters facilitate either an active or passive movement of solutes. They can allow a single-molecule transport down its...
40.8K
Carrier-Mediated Transport01:06

Carrier-Mediated Transport

Carrier-mediated transport is a pivotal process in drug absorption, particularly for lipid-insoluble drugs, and encompasses facilitated diffusion and active transport. Facilitated diffusion allows drugs to move along their concentration gradient without energy expenditure, while active transport utilizes ATP to drive drug movement against this gradient.
Active transport involves two types of membrane-spanning transporters: uptake and efflux. Uptake transporters are expressed in the small...
921
Facilitated Diffusion01:16

Facilitated Diffusion

The plasma membrane, a critical structure in cellular biology, houses an array of transporters, or carrier proteins, interspersed within its lipid bilayer. These proteins play a crucial role in solute transport through facilitated diffusion, a form of passive diffusion that uses transporters to move the molecules across the membrane.
In this process, substrates such as organic compounds and ions interact with a transporter on one side, triggering conformational changes in proteins that enable...
1.1K
Transcellular Transport of Solutes01:23

Transcellular Transport of Solutes

Transcellular transport of solutes is the movement of substances like monosaccharides and amino acids through polarized cells. This transport mechanism is primarily seen in epithelial and endothelial cells aided by membrane transport proteins such as channels and transporters. The tight junctions between these cells confine the membrane proteins to the two sides of the cell. The epithelial cells have distinct apical and basolateral domains. In contrast, the endothelial cells show the luminal...
4.5K
Drug Absorption Mechanism: Carrier-Mediated Membrane Transport01:19

Drug Absorption Mechanism: Carrier-Mediated Membrane Transport

Certain large, lipid-insoluble drug molecules that resemble amino acids, peptides, or glucose, require specialized carrier proteins to facilitate their diffusion across cell membranes. This transport can occur through either facilitated diffusion, which does not require energy input, or active transport, which does require energy input.
Facilitated diffusion is a passive process that utilizes human Solute Carrier (SLC) transporters. These transporters bind to the drug, undergo structural...
5.6K