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Probing and Mapping Electrode Surfaces in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

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Engineering Oxygen Vacancies in a Polysulfide-Blocking Layer with Enhanced Catalytic Ability.

Zhaohuai Li¹, Cheng Zhou¹, Junhui Hua¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, P. R. China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)

|January 30, 2020

Summary

Researchers enhanced lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries by engineering oxygen vacancies in TiO2-coated separators. This improves conductivity and polysulfide trapping, enabling stable performance at high sulfur loading.

Keywords:

catalytic ability lithium-sulfur batteries oxygen vacancies

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Nanotechnology

Background:

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries face challenges like the polysulfide shuttle effect, poor conductivity, and low sulfur loading, hindering practical application.
Developing advanced separators is crucial for overcoming these limitations and improving battery performance.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of oxygen vacancies in TiO2 nanosheets on Li-S battery performance.
To fabricate and evaluate a novel separator modified with oxygen-deficient TiO2 (OVs-TiO2) for enhanced polysulfide trapping and conductivity.

Main Methods:

First-principles calculations were used to study the effect of oxygen vacancies on TiO2 properties.
A commercial polypropylene separator was modified with TiO2 nanosheets containing oxygen vacancies (OVs-TiO2 @PP).
Electrochemical performance of Li-S cells with the modified separator was tested under high sulfur loading and cycling.

Main Results:

Oxygen vacancies in TiO2 significantly enhance polysulfide adsorption and catalytic activity.
The OVs-TiO2 @PP separator demonstrates improved ion and electron conductivity.
Li-S cells with OVs-TiO2 @PP separators show stable cycling over 500 cycles at 2.0 C with high sulfur loading (7.1 mg cm-2).
A high areal capacity of 5.83 mAh cm-2 was maintained after 100 cycles.

Conclusions:

Engineering oxygen vacancies in TiO2 is an effective strategy to create advanced separators for Li-S batteries.
The OVs-TiO2 @PP separator acts as a robust polysulfide barrier, improving electrochemical stability and energy density.
This approach offers a promising pathway for the development of high-performance and practical Li-S battery systems.