Reticulating 1D Ribbons into 2D Covalent Organic Frameworks by Imine and Imide Linkages
Ha L Nguyen1, Cornelius Gropp1, Omar M Yaghi1,2
1Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley; Kavli Energy Nanoscience Institute at UC Berkeley; Berkeley Global Science Institute; and Materials Sciences Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States.
Abstract:
The design and synthesis of 2D and 3D crystalline covalent organic frameworks (COFs) from macromolecular and even infinite building units is largely undeveloped. Here, we report a strategy to link molecules and 1D ribbons into 2D cystalline frameworks. Triangular, tris(4-aminophenyl)amine (TAA), and square, 1,3,6,8-tetrakis(p-formylphenyl)pyrene (TFPPy), organic building units are joined substoichiometrically by imine linkages to produce 1D ribbons, termed COF-76, bearing free amines, which are then used to link the ribbons into 2D frameworks COF-77 and COF-78. In addition to this stepwise approach, we also demonstrate an in situ synthesis of these COFs. We believe our ability to link infinite building blocks, such as the ribbons of COF-76, into higher dimensionality COFs, paves the way to covalent frameworks composed of hierachical chemical structures.
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