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C Braun1, A Nosbaum2

  • 1Centre international de recherche en infectiologie (CIRI) (International Center for Infectiology Research), INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, 21 avenue Tony-Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France; Hospices civils de Lyon, service de pneumologie et allergologie pédiatriques, hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, Bron, France.

Annales De Dermatologie Et De Venereologie
|January 31, 2020
PubMed
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Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition often starting in infancy. Understanding its complex causes, including skin barrier defects and inflammation, is key to effective management and preventing related allergies.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent chronic inflammatory skin disease, frequently emerging in infancy.
  • Characterized by eczema on dry skin, AD involves skin barrier defects and type-2 inflammation.
  • Its pathophysiology is complex, influenced by genetic, immune, and microbial factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize current knowledge on the natural history of atopic dermatitis.
  • To clarify factors influencing AD development and progression.
  • To inform optimal strategies for AD care and management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on atopic dermatitis.
  • Synthesis of data on AD natural history, comorbidities, and influencing factors.
Keywords:
Atopic dermatitisAtopic marchComorbiditiesComorbiditésCutaneous microbiotaDermatite atopiqueHistoire naturelleInflammation cutanéeInflammation of the skinMarche atopiqueMicrobiote cutanéNatural HistoryStaphylococcus AureusStaphylocoque Aureus

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  • Analysis of current treatment approaches and preventative strategies.

    • Main Results:

    • AD evolution is linked to atopic comorbidities (food allergy, asthma, rhinitis) and neuropsychological issues.
    • Genetic mutations, skin dysbiosis (Staphylococcus aureus), and environmental sensitization impact AD.
    • Treatment focuses on skin barrier repair (emollients) and anti-inflammatory drugs for flares.

    Conclusions:

    • Effective AD management requires addressing skin barrier defects, inflammation, and associated comorbidities.
    • While probiotics show no curative effect, they may aid primary prevention in high-risk infants.
    • Further research into AD pathophysiology can refine treatment and prevention strategies.