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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Effects of Mind-Body-Movement Practices on Brain Function
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Spatial Navigation Is Distinctively Impaired in Persistent Postural Perceptual Dizziness.

Hayo A Breinbauer1,2,3, Maria Daniela Contreras3, Juan P Lira3

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.

Frontiers in Neurology
|January 31, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Patients with persistent postural perceptual dizziness (PPPD) exhibit significant deficits in virtual spatial navigation tasks compared to healthy individuals and those with other vestibular disorders. This impairment may serve as a diagnostic biomarker for PPPD.

Keywords:
dizzinessfunctional dizzinessmorris water mazepersistent postural perceptual dizzinessspatial navigation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Vestibular Disorders
  • Human Navigation

Background:

  • Persistent postural perceptual dizziness (PPPD) is a chronic condition affecting balance and spatial orientation.
  • The precise pathophysiology and diagnostic markers for PPPD remain areas of active research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate spatial navigational abilities in patients with PPPD using virtual reality.
  • To compare the performance of PPPD patients against healthy controls and patients with other vestibular disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized three virtual Morris water maze tasks of increasing difficulty (visible target, invisible target with fixed start, invisible target with random start).
  • Analyzed performance using the cumulative search error (CSE) index and standard distance deviation.
  • Employed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to assess diagnostic discrimination.

Main Results:

  • PPPD patients demonstrated significantly poorer performance (higher CSE) in navigationally demanding tasks compared to healthy and vestibular controls (p < 0.004).
  • Navigational performance differentiated PPPD patients from controls with high sensitivity (78.1%) and specificity (83.3%) (AUC = 0.83).
  • PPPD patients exhibited more disorganized search strategies and greater dispersion in their navigational paths.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with PPPD have distinct and significant impairments in spatial navigation compared to other vestibular disorder patients and healthy individuals.
  • Spatial navigation deficits in PPPD are pronounced enough to serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker.
  • These findings offer novel insights into the pathophysiology of PPPD, highlighting a specific deficit in spatial processing.