Protein coating composition targets nanoparticles to leaf stomata and trichomes.

Area of Science:

• Agricultural Nanotechnology
• Plant Science
• Nanoparticle Delivery Systems

Background:

• Plant nanobiotechnology offers revolutionary agricultural potential.
• Effective nanoparticle delivery to specific plant sites remains a challenge.
• Targeted delivery is crucial for advancing nanopesticide and nutrient applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and demonstrate a method for targeted nanoparticle delivery to plant leaf structures.
• To investigate the efficacy of antibody-functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for stomatal targeting.
• To establish a proof-of-concept for molecular recognition-based nanoparticle delivery in plants.

Main Methods:

• Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were functionalized with citrate, bovine serum albumin (BSA), or a stomata-targeting antibody (LM6-M).
• Vicia faba leaves were treated with functionalized AuNP suspensions via drop deposition.
• AuNP distribution was analyzed using enhanced dark-field microscopy and X-ray fluorescence mapping after rinsing.

Main Results:

• Citrate-coated AuNPs showed random distribution on leaf surfaces.
• LM6-M-coated AuNPs specifically adhered to stomata and remained after rinsing.
• BSA-coated AuNPs demonstrated targeting of trichome hairs on the leaf surface.

Conclusions:

• This study presents the first active targeting of live leaf structures using molecularly functionalized nanoparticles.
• LM6-M-coated AuNPs provide a targeted delivery system for plant stomata.
• The findings offer a foundational strategy for future research in targeted nanopesticide delivery.