Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Acute Respiratory Failure-I01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-I

745
Acute respiratory failure is a condition characterized by the inability of the lungs to perform their primary function: gas exchange. This failure leads to insufficient oxygen levels (hypoxemia) in the blood, elevated carbon dioxide levels (hypercapnia), or both, causing critical impairment in organ function.
Definition: It is defined by specific criteria based on blood gas measurements. Hypoxemia happens when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) falls below 60 mmHg. At the same time,...
745
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

132
In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess...
132
Liver Regeneration01:24

Liver Regeneration

4.1K
The liver is an important organ in vertebrates that plays an essential role in metabolism. It is also responsible for storing and redistributing nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins in the body. Additionally, the liver releases bile salts which are critical for digesting food and eliminating toxic metabolites from the body.
Cells of Liver
The liver comprises four major types of cells— hepatocytes, stellate, Kupffer, and sinusoidal endothelial cells. The hepatocytes are...
4.1K
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

698
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
698
Acute Respiratory Failure-V01:29

Acute Respiratory Failure-V

384
The treatment for acute respiratory failure varies based on factors like the underlying cause, overall health, and severity. A collaborative healthcare team is essential for early detection, often through arterial blood gas analysis. Identifying the cause is the primary goal, with treatment strategies adjusted for ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch, shunting, or diffusion impairment.
Ensure that patients are monitored continuously for their response to therapy, including changes in...
384
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow01:26

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow

170
Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug...
170

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Successful endoscopic management of a pediatric intrapancreatic common bile duct stricture following blunt pancreatic trauma: A case report.

JPGN reports·2026
Same author

Clinical Practice Guideline for Diagnosis and Management of Faltering Weight.

Pediatrics·2026
Same author

Severe cholestasis in neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

The journal of extra-corporeal technology·2025
Same author

Condition-Specific Growth Charts for Children With Alagille Syndrome.

JAMA network open·2025
Same author

Elevated Serum Bile Acids Predict Poor Liver Outcomes in Children With Alagille Syndrome: Results From the GALA Study Group.

Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver·2025
Same author

Phenotypic Divergence of JAG1- and NOTCH2-Associated Alagille Syndrome & Disease-Specific NOTCH2 Variant Classification Guidelines.

Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Generation of a Rat Model of Acute Liver Failure by Combining 70% Partial Hepatectomy and Acetaminophen
09:44

Generation of a Rat Model of Acute Liver Failure by Combining 70% Partial Hepatectomy and Acetaminophen

Published on: November 27, 2019

10.8K

Neonatal Acute Liver Failure.

Catherine Larson-Nath1, Bernadette E Vitola2

  • 1Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 2450 Riverside Avenue, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.

Clinics in Perinatology
|February 1, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Neonatal acute liver failure (NALF) is a rare condition with several causes, including GALD. While survival is improving, NALF still has a 24% mortality rate, making liver transplant crucial for some infants.

Keywords:
Gestational alloimmune liver diseaseLiver failureLiver transplantNeonatal

More Related Videos

Partial Lobular Hepatectomy: A Surgical Model for Morphologic Liver Regeneration
05:37

Partial Lobular Hepatectomy: A Surgical Model for Morphologic Liver Regeneration

Published on: May 31, 2018

12.6K
Development of a Neonatal Piglet Acute Lung Injury Model Recreating the Early Environment of Preterm Infant Lungs
08:58

Development of a Neonatal Piglet Acute Lung Injury Model Recreating the Early Environment of Preterm Infant Lungs

Published on: October 31, 2025

453

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Generation of a Rat Model of Acute Liver Failure by Combining 70% Partial Hepatectomy and Acetaminophen
09:44

Generation of a Rat Model of Acute Liver Failure by Combining 70% Partial Hepatectomy and Acetaminophen

Published on: November 27, 2019

10.8K
Partial Lobular Hepatectomy: A Surgical Model for Morphologic Liver Regeneration
05:37

Partial Lobular Hepatectomy: A Surgical Model for Morphologic Liver Regeneration

Published on: May 31, 2018

12.6K
Development of a Neonatal Piglet Acute Lung Injury Model Recreating the Early Environment of Preterm Infant Lungs
08:58

Development of a Neonatal Piglet Acute Lung Injury Model Recreating the Early Environment of Preterm Infant Lungs

Published on: October 31, 2025

453

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Hepatology
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Neonatal acute liver failure (NALF) is a rare but severe condition in newborns.
  • Known causes include gestational alloimmune liver disease (GALD), viral infections, metabolic disorders, and ischemic injury.
  • A significant portion of NALF cases remain idiopathic, posing diagnostic challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the etiology, diagnosis, and management of neonatal acute liver failure.
  • To highlight advancements in understanding and treating GALD.
  • To emphasize the role of liver transplantation in NALF management.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of NALF and GALD.
  • Analysis of diagnostic approaches.
  • Evaluation of current treatment strategies and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Improved survival rates are noted, particularly with better GALD management.
  • Despite advances, overall NALF mortality remains at 24%.
  • Laboratory evaluations can aid in diagnosing specific NALF causes.

Conclusions:

  • Early diagnosis and disease-specific treatments improve outcomes for NALF.
  • Gestational alloimmune liver disease (GALD) management has enhanced survival.
  • Liver transplantation is a vital option for infants with indeterminate NALF or treatment failure.