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Multifunctional Chaperone and Quality Control Complexes in Adaptive Immunity.

Simon Trowitzsch1, Robert Tampé1

  • 1Institute of Biochemistry, Biocenter, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; email: trowitzsch@biochem.uni-frankfurt.de, tampe@em.uni-frankfurt.de.

Annual Review of Biophysics
|February 1, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adaptive immunity distinguishes self from nonself through immune surveillance of cells. This review details the quality control machineries for major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) protein maturation and presentation to T lymphocytes.

Keywords:
ER quality controlantigen presentationcryo-electron microscopymembrane proteinspeptide-loading complexstructural biologytapasintransporter associated with antigen processing

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Structural Biology

Background:

  • Adaptive immunity is crucial for distinguishing self from non-self.
  • Immune cells monitor nucleated cells by surveying presented peptides on cell surfaces.
  • Hierarchical immune surveillance relies on sophisticated cellular machineries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the quality control machineries involved in major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) protein maturation.
  • To elucidate the process from MHC I synthesis to its presentation on the cell surface.
  • To highlight the role of biophysical and structural approaches in understanding antigen processing and presentation.

Main Methods:

  • Integrative structural biology approaches.
  • Biophysical techniques.
  • Review of existing literature on MHC I maturation and immune surveillance.

Main Results:

  • Detailed insights into the multi-step quality control of MHC I proteins.
  • Understanding of the endoplasmic reticulum to cell surface trafficking pathway.
  • Elucidation of MHC I engagement with T cell receptors.

Conclusions:

  • Sophisticated cellular machineries ensure accurate self/non-self discrimination.
  • Structural and biophysical studies have resolved long-standing questions in antigen presentation.
  • Quality control of MHC I is essential for effective adaptive immune responses.