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Related Experiment Videos

Axon diameter distributions across the monkey's optic nerve.

B E Reese1, K Y Ho

  • 1University of Oxford, Department of Human Anatomy, U.K.

Neuroscience
|October 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Axon diameter distribution in monkey optic nerves shows fine axons are widespread, while coarse axons increase peripherally. This gradient doesn't fully explain optic tract organization, suggesting optic chiasm reorganization.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroanatomy

Background:

  • The organization of axons by diameter in the optic nerve is crucial for visual processing.
  • Previous models suggested simple segregation of optic nerve fibers in the optic tract.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the distribution of axon diameters across the optic nerve in old-world monkeys.
  • To compare optic nerve axon distribution with optic tract organization to understand visual pathway development.

Main Methods:

  • Axon diameters were measured from electron micrographs of the optic nerve.
  • Histograms of axon diameter distribution were created at various locations.
  • Total and local axon diameter distributions were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Fine-caliber axons (<2.0 µm) are present throughout the optic nerve, most frequent centrotemporally and peripherally.
  • Coarse-caliber axons (>2.0 µm) increase in frequency towards the nerve's periphery, particularly dorsonasally.
  • The overall axon diameter distribution is unimodal, peaking at 1.0-1.25 µm, with a tail towards larger diameters.

Conclusions:

  • A centroperipheral gradient of increasing axon diameters exists in the optic nerve.
  • This gradient is insufficient to explain the distinct size-based segregation observed in the optic tract.
  • Axon reorganization by size likely occurs within or near the optic chiasm.

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