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Effect of Obstructive Sleep Apnea on Neurocognitive Performance
1Pulmonary Medicine Department, Naval Medical Center San Diego, 34800 Bob Wilson Drive, San Diego, CA 92134, USA.
Sleep Medicine Clinics
|February 2, 2020
Summary
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) impairs neurocognitive functions like attention and memory. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment can improve these cognitive deficits, though further research into other therapies is needed.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Sleep Medicine
- Cognitive Science
Background:
- Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent sleep disorder.
- OSA is associated with significant negative health consequences.
- Neurocognitive impairment is a recognized complication of OSA.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the impact of OSA on neurocognitive performance.
- To explore the underlying mechanisms of cognitive dysfunction in OSA.
- To evaluate the efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in mitigating these deficits.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating OSA and neurocognition.
- Analysis of proposed pathophysiological mechanisms.
- Synthesis of evidence on CPAP's effects on cognitive function.
Main Results:
- OSA negatively affects multiple neurocognitive domains, including attention, memory, psychomotor function, emotional regulation, and executive functions.
- Key mechanisms implicated in cognitive impairment include intermittent hypoxemia, sleep fragmentation, hypercapnia, and HPA-axis disruption.
- CPAP therapy has demonstrated potential to improve cognitive deficits in patients with OSA.
Conclusions:
- OSA significantly impacts cognitive functioning through various physiological pathways.
- CPAP is an effective treatment for improving OSA-related cognitive impairments.
- Further research is warranted to explore the effectiveness of alternative therapies for cognitive dysfunction in OSA.
Keywords:
AttentionContinuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)Executive functioningLearningMemoryNeurocognitive performanceObstructive sleep apneaPsychomotor functionMore Related Videos
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