Peripapillary choroidal thickness in patients with vitamin D deficiency

To investigate the effects of vitamin D deficiency on peripapillary choroidal thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness.

Patients diagnosed with vitamin D deficiency but not yet treated for it (Group 1) and patients with normal vitamin D levels (Group 2) were included in this study. Subjects with any kind of eye disease and/or systemic disease were excluded from this study. Demographic characteristics of the patients were collected, and the subfoveal choroidal thickness, central foveal thickness, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and peripapillary choroidal thickness were measured using optical coherence tomography.

The mean ages in Groups 1 and 2 were 30.5 ± 6.7 and 28 ± 5.78 years (p = 0.12), respectively, and female to male ratios were 19/11 and 17/13, respectively (p = 0.59). The mean vitamin D levels were 8.2 ± 2.5 and 28 ± 4.9 ng/mL in Groups 1 and 2, respectively (p <0.001). In Group 1, subfoveal choroidal thickness and nasal and inferior peripapillary choroidal thicknesses at 500 µm were 327.5 ± 81.4, 142.9 ± 40, and 140.66 ± 38.74 µm, respectively. For Group 2, these values were 407.1 ± 85.5, 189.3 0 ± 57.18, and 195.93 ± 67.58 µm, respectively (p <0.001, p = 0.001, and p <0.001, respectively). In addition, a positive correlation was found between vitamin D levels and the subfoveal choroidal thickness and nasal and inferior peripapillary choroidal thicknesses in all patients (r = 0.365, p = 0.005; r = 0.341, p = 0.008; and r = 0.370, p = 0.004, respectively).

Subfoveal choroidal thickness and inferior and nasal peripapillary choroidal thicknesses decreased in patients with vitamin D deficiency.