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Controlling current flow in sintering: A facile method coupling flash with spark plasma sintering.

C Gorynski1, U Anselmi-Tamburini2, M Winterer1

  • 1Nanoparticle Process Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstr. 1, 47057 Duisburg, Germany.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Flash spark plasma sintering (FSPS) combines flash sintering and spark plasma sintering for advanced material processing. This novel technique modifies standard spark plasma sintering equipment to enable controlled current passage, yielding distinct microstructures.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Ceramics Engineering
  • Powder Metallurgy

Background:

  • Standard spark plasma sintering (SPS) is a widely used technique for consolidating materials.
  • Flash sintering (FS) offers rapid densification through controlled electrical current application.
  • Combining these methods presents an opportunity for enhanced material processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and describe a novel method combining flash sintering (FS) and spark plasma sintering (SPS), termed flash spark plasma sintering (FSPS).
  • To investigate the microstructural differences between conventional SPS and the new FSPS technique.
  • To explore new processing routes for materials under mechanical load and understand the role of electric current in microstructure evolution.

Main Methods:

  • Modification of standard SPS apparatus by replacing the conducting graphite matrix with an insulating boron nitride matrix.
  • Implementation of external heating for the boron nitride matrix.
  • Processing of aluminum-doped zinc oxide samples using both standard SPS and the developed FSPS technique.
  • Microstructural analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Main Results:

  • Successful coupling of flash sintering and spark plasma sintering into a single FSPS process.
  • Demonstration that FSPS utilizes pellet-shaped samples under mechanical load with controlled electric current passage.
  • Observation of distinct microstructures generated by SPS and FSPS, as evidenced by SEM analysis of aluminum-doped zinc oxide.
  • Identification of novel processing routes for current-assisted sintering methods.

Conclusions:

  • Flash spark plasma sintering (FSPS) offers a facile method to combine the advantages of FS and SPS.
  • The modified SPS setup with an insulating matrix and external heating successfully forces current through the sample.
  • FSPS generates different microstructures compared to standard SPS, highlighting the influence of the electric current or field.
  • This work provides new processing routes and aids in understanding the fundamental role of electrical parameters in material sintering.