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Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Feeding of Ticks on Animals for Transmission and Xenodiagnosis in Lyme Disease Research
Published on: August 31, 2013
[Tick-borne relapsing fever : An unrecognized cause of fever in travellers]
S Ahmed Yahia1, F Faibis2, M Benmoussa3
1Service de rhumatologie, Grand Hôpital de l'Est Francilien, site de Meaux, 6-8, rue Saint Fiacre, 77104 Meaux, France.
Introduction:
Tick-borne relapsing fever is a usual cause of fever in West Africa. Except relapsing febrile episodes, there are no pathognomonic signs and diagnosis is difficult because Borrelia density in patient's blood is low.
Case Reports:
Tick-borne relapsing fever was revealed by the presence of spirochetes in a blood sample to search malaria in two men, 24 and 31 year-old, returned from Mali.
Conclusion:
This diagnosis should be evocated in patients having fever after a trip in infested area, as malaria, both infections can be associated.
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Patterns of Fever
Types of Fever
Here are the different types of fever:
Increased Body Temperature
Methods of reducing fever
Pharmacological Methods of Reducing Fever:
Bacterial Phylum Spirochaetes
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:

