[Orbital Inflammation: Current Trends]

The field of idiopathic orbital inflammation has come into motion: Ever since the first description of IgG4-associated disease about 10 years ago, the group of idiopathic lesions has shrunk by about half. The differential diagnosis has become much more demanding because the clinical and imaging overlap is considerable. This article presents a review of idiopathic orbital inflammation, IgG4-associated disease, and orbital lymphoid hyperplasia. All three conditions can have significant - and quite amazing - clinical and imaging similarities. At the same time, however, the necessity of diagnostic assessment differ just as much as the optimal therapy or therapy duration.