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Neighborhood Violent Crime and Academic Performance: A Geospatial Analysis
Paul Boxer1, Grant Drawve2, Joel M Caplan3
1Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA.
American Journal of Community Psychology
|February 5, 2020
Summary
Neighborhood violent crime near schools is linked to lower student academic performance, even after accounting for economic factors. This study highlights the impact of local safety on educational outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Criminology
- Educational Psychology
- Public Health
Background:
- Childhood exposure to violence negatively impacts behavior, mental health, and academics.
- Previous research often used indirect measures of violence exposure.
- Geospatial analysis offers a novel approach to assess direct environmental influences.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between neighborhood violent crime and academic performance.
- To utilize geospatial analysis for a more direct measure of violence exposure.
- To understand the spatial correlation between crime proximity and school achievement.
Main Methods:
- Geospatial analysis of police-reported violent crime data.
- Examination of school-level standardized test proficiency rates.
- Statistical controls for socioeconomic disadvantage within student populations.
Main Results:
- Increased numbers of violent crimes near school buildings correlate with decreased academic performance.
- This association remained significant after controlling for student economic disadvantage.
- Proximity to neighborhood violence is a measurable factor affecting educational outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Neighborhood safety, measured by crime proximity, is a significant correlate of student academic performance.
- Geospatial methods provide valuable insights into environmental impacts on education.
- Findings support targeted interventions in high-crime areas to improve school performance.
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