Sex and Racial/Ethnic Differences in Suicidal Consideration and Suicide Attempts among US College Students, 2011-2015

Objectives: In this study, we examined sex and racial/ethnic differences in the prevalence and predictors of suicide consideration and attempts among US college students. Methods: We used multivariable logistic regression to investigate suicide consideration and attempts by sex and race/ethnicity among students (N = 319,342) who completed the American College Health Association-National College Health Assessment from fall 2011 to spring 2015. Results: Overall, the prevalence of suicide consideration and attempts was higher in spring 2015 than fall 2011 (p < .05). Men had higher odds of suicide consideration and attempts than women (p < .001). Blacks, Hispanics, and Asians had higher odds of suicide consideration and attempts compared with Whites (p < .001). Weight-related problems (unhealthy weight, body weight overestimation, and lack of physical activity), sleep problems (insufficient sleep and sleep difficulties), and lower levels of academic performance were associated with both suicide consideration and attempts (p < .05). Conclusions: Our findings indicate a need for sex- and race/ethnicity-specific suicide prevention strategies for college students, specifically men and racial/ethnic minority groups. Furthermore, appropriate weight and sleep management could be considered to help prevent suicide among US college students.