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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

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AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
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Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
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Measurement and Analysis of Atomic Hydrogen and Diatomic Molecular AlO, C2, CN, and TiO Spectra Following Laser-induced Optical Breakdown
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Laser-Plasma Spatiotemporal Cyanide Spectroscopy and Applications.

Christian G Parigger1, Christopher M Helstern1, Benjamin S Jordan2

  • 1Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Tennessee, University of Tennessee Space Institute, Center for Laser Applications, 411 B.H. Goethert Parkway, Tullahoma, TN 37388, USA.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 7, 2020
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Summary

Laser-induced plasma expansion exceeded Mach 5, revealing higher electron density and excitation temperatures near the shockwave. This study offers insights into plasma dynamics and spatiotemporal distribution using advanced spectral analysis.

Keywords:
diatomic moleculeshypersonic expansionlaser spectroscopylaser-induced breakdown spectroscopymolecular spectraoptical emission spectroscopyplasma diagnosticsplasma spectroscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Plasma Physics
  • Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Laser-induced plasma (LIP) is crucial for material analysis and fusion energy research.
  • Understanding hypersonic expansion dynamics is key to controlling plasma behavior.
  • Diatomic molecular cyanide (CN) serves as a sensitive diagnostic probe in plasmas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure hypersonic expansion of laser-induced plasma.
  • To investigate the properties of diatomic molecular cyanide (CN) plasma.
  • To correlate spectral data with plasma characteristics like electron density and temperature.

Main Methods:

  • Generating optical breakdown plasma using a 1064 nm Q-switched laser.
  • Analyzing molecular spectra via line-of-sight (LOS) measurements.
  • Utilizing high-speed shadowgraphy for plasma visualization.
  • Applying integral inversion techniques for spatiotemporal analysis.

Main Results:

  • Observed hypersonic expansion speeds exceeding Mach 5.
  • Detected increased electron density near the shockwave via atomic carbon spectra.
  • Measured higher excitation temperatures near the shockwave using CN spectra.
  • Corroborated spectral findings with 5-nanosecond shutter speed shadowgraphs.

Conclusions:

  • Laser-induced plasma exhibits significant hypersonic expansion.
  • Plasma shockwaves are associated with elevated electron density and temperature.
  • Spectral analysis of CN and atomic carbon provides valuable diagnostic information.
  • Integral inversion techniques enable detailed spatiotemporal plasma distribution mapping.