Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity01:25

Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity

1.8K
Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity refer to the ability of drugs to cause genetic defects and induce cancer, respectively. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies agents into four groups based on their carcinogenic potential. Group 1 agents are known human carcinogens; group 2A agents are probably carcinogenic to humans; group 3 agents lack data to support their role in carcinogenesis; and group 4 includes agents for which data support that they are not likely to be...
1.8K
Toxic Reactions: Overview01:26

Toxic Reactions: Overview

1.7K
When toxic substances penetrate the human body, they disseminate to various tissues, undergoing metabolic changes. This process yields reactive metabolites that may covalently bind with specific target molecules, resulting in toxicity.
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...
1.7K
Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

3.9K
The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
3.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

DNA Oxidation and Expression of Repair Enzymes in Organ- Cultured Human Limbal Epithelium.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

The comet assay as a tool for human biomonitoring of exposure to environmental and occupational agents - A summary of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Mutation research. Reviews in mutation research·2026
Same author

<i>In Vitro</i> Genotoxicity Screening and Lipid Oxidation in Pork and Chicken Burgers: Effect of Cooking and Gastrointestinal Digestion.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

The comet assay as a tool in human biomonitoring exposure to antineoplastic drugs - A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Mutation research. Reviews in mutation research·2026
Same author

Towards a validation of the standard and enzyme-linked comet assay: a retrospective variability analysis.

Archives of toxicology·2026
Same author

The comet assay as a tool in human biomonitoring exposure to anaesthetic gases - A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Mutation research. Reviews in mutation research·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 29, 2025

A Silver Nanoparticle Method for Ameliorating Biliary Atresia Syndrome in Mice
07:48

A Silver Nanoparticle Method for Ameliorating Biliary Atresia Syndrome in Mice

Published on: October 13, 2018

8.0K

Genotoxicity of Silver Nanoparticles.

Adriana Rodriguez-Garraus1, Amaya Azqueta1,2, Ariane Vettorazzi1,2

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 7, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) show genotoxic effects in both in vitro and in vivo studies, indicating potential DNA damage. Further research is needed to fully characterize AgNP safety due to varying methodologies.

Keywords:
chromosome aberration testcomet assaygenotoxicityin vitroin vivomicronucleus testmouse lymphoma assaysilver nanoparticles

More Related Videos

Ameliorating Osteoarthritis in Mice Using Silver Nanoparticles
05:50

Ameliorating Osteoarthritis in Mice Using Silver Nanoparticles

Published on: June 2, 2023

1.7K
Synthesis of Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes Modified with Silver Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial Activities and Cytotoxic Properties
11:19

Synthesis of Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes Modified with Silver Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial Activities and Cytotoxic Properties

Published on: May 10, 2018

10.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 29, 2025

A Silver Nanoparticle Method for Ameliorating Biliary Atresia Syndrome in Mice
07:48

A Silver Nanoparticle Method for Ameliorating Biliary Atresia Syndrome in Mice

Published on: October 13, 2018

8.0K
Ameliorating Osteoarthritis in Mice Using Silver Nanoparticles
05:50

Ameliorating Osteoarthritis in Mice Using Silver Nanoparticles

Published on: June 2, 2023

1.7K
Synthesis of Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes Modified with Silver Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial Activities and Cytotoxic Properties
11:19

Synthesis of Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes Modified with Silver Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial Activities and Cytotoxic Properties

Published on: May 10, 2018

10.6K

Area of Science:

  • Nanomaterial toxicology
  • Genotoxicity assessment
  • Risk evaluation of silver nanoparticles

Background:

  • Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are extensively utilized across various industries, including medicine, food, cosmetics, and electronics.
  • Widespread human exposure necessitates a thorough understanding of AgNP toxicological profiles to ensure product safety.
  • Genotoxicity data is crucial for evaluating the potential health risks associated with AgNPs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a comprehensive bibliographic review of genotoxicity studies on AgNPs published within the last six years.
  • To synthesize findings from standard genotoxicity assays to assess the DNA damaging potential of AgNPs.
  • To identify gaps in current research and methodological limitations in AgNP genotoxicity testing.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search focusing on genotoxicity studies of AgNPs over a six-year period.
  • Selection of 43 articles employing established assays such as in vitro/in vivo micronucleus tests, comet assays, and mouse lymphoma assays.
  • Analysis of reported genotoxic effects across different DNA damage levels and experimental conditions.

Main Results:

  • AgNPs demonstrated genotoxic effects at all evaluated DNA damage levels in both in vitro and in vivo assays.
  • A higher incidence of positive genotoxicity results was observed in in vitro studies compared to in vivo studies.
  • Study findings suggest that AgNP coating and size can influence genotoxic outcomes, though not consistently across all studies.

Conclusions:

  • Silver nanoparticles exhibit genotoxic potential, necessitating careful consideration of their safety in consumer products.
  • Methodological inconsistencies, including incomplete assay batteries and deviations from OECD guidelines, limit definitive risk assessment.
  • A complete genotoxicological characterization of AgNPs, adhering to international guidelines, is essential for informed regulatory decision-making and risk management.