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Routing Protocol for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks Based on a Modified Grey Wolf Optimizer.

Xiaoqiang Zhao1,2, Shaoya Ren1,2, Heng Quan1,2

  • 1School of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an 710121, China.

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|February 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel routing protocol for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks (WSNs) that significantly extends network lifespan by optimizing energy balance and cluster head selection. The HMGWO protocol enhances energy efficiency and network longevity in WSNs.

Keywords:
energy consumptiongrey wolf optimizerheterogeneous wireless sensor networksnetwork lifecycle

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Science
  • Electrical Engineering
  • Network Engineering

Background:

  • Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are constrained by limited node power, necessitating efficient routing protocols to maximize network lifetime.
  • Heterogeneity in node energy within WSNs can cause energy imbalances, hindering overall network performance.
  • Existing routing protocols often fail to adequately address energy disparities in heterogeneous WSNs (HWSNs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a new routing protocol, the modified grey wolf optimizer (HMGWO), specifically designed for HWSNs.
  • To enhance energy utilization and prolong the operational lifespan of HWSNs through intelligent cluster head selection.
  • To address the challenge of energy imbalance in HWSNs caused by heterogeneous node energy levels.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a routing protocol (HMGWO) leveraging a modified grey wolf optimizer algorithm.
  • Implemented a cluster selection mechanism using fitness functions tailored for heterogeneous energy nodes.
  • Dynamically updated node weights based on GWO optimization principles (distance to prey, coefficient vectors) to ensure optimal cluster head (CH) selection.

Main Results:

  • The HMGWO protocol demonstrated a substantial improvement in network lifecycle, outperforming SEP, DEEC, M-SEP, and FIGWO by 55.7%, 31.9%, 46.3%, and 27.0%, respectively.
  • Achieved superior performance in terms of reduced power consumption compared to existing protocols.
  • Exhibited enhanced network throughput, indicating more efficient data transmission.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed HMGWO routing protocol effectively balances energy consumption and prolongs the network lifetime in HWSNs.
  • The dynamic weight adjustment mechanism within the GWO framework optimizes cluster head selection for improved network efficiency.
  • HMGWO offers a significant advancement in energy-efficient routing for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks.