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Positron Emission Tomography01:29

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Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
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Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique that provides crucial insights into the body's physiological functions at a molecular level. It is an indispensable resource for diagnosing, staging, and monitoring various illnesses, notably cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular conditions.
Fundamental Principles of PET
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Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
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Tumour functional imaging by PET.

Ana Margarida Abrantes1, Ana Salomé Pires1, Lúcia Monteiro2

  • 1Biophysics Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal; Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; CNC.IBILI Consortium/Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Molecular Basis of Disease
|February 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging visualizes cancer metabolism, aiding in diagnosis and treatment monitoring. This review highlights radiopharmaceuticals for various cancers, focusing on advancements for personalized cancer medicine.

Keywords:
Cancer metabolismMetabolism imagingNuclear medicinePositron emission tomography (PET)Positron-emitter radionuclide

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Nuclear Medicine
  • Molecular Imaging

Background:

  • Carcinogenesis involves genetic and epigenetic alterations affecting cell metabolism.
  • Positron emission tomography (PET) is a sensitive imaging technique for evaluating cancer metabolism (oncometabolism).
  • PET enables visualization of specific biochemical pathways by using radiolabeled molecules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of radiopharmaceuticals developed for PET in oncology.
  • To focus on the utility of PET in brain tumors, breast cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, neuroendocrine tumors, bladder cancer, and prostate cancer.
  • To discuss the potential of novel PET tracers for improving cancer diagnosis, staging, and therapeutic response assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on radiopharmaceuticals for PET in oncology.
  • Focus on tracers targeting metabolic pathways relevant to specific cancer types.
  • Discussion of established and emerging PET tracers for research and clinical application.

Main Results:

  • PET imaging offers significant potential across various stages of cancer management, including risk prediction, screening, diagnosis, therapy response assessment, and monitoring metastasis and recurrence.
  • Several radiopharmaceuticals are under investigation for their efficacy in staging, characterization, stratification, and assessing treatment response in specific cancers.
  • Established metabolic tracers and new radiopharmaceutical developments are discussed in the context of personalized cancer therapy.

Conclusions:

  • PET imaging plays a crucial role in understanding and evaluating oncometabolism.
  • Continued development of novel radiopharmaceuticals is essential for addressing diagnostic challenges in modern cancer medicine.
  • Advancements in PET tracers hold promise for advancing personalized cancer therapy and improving patient outcomes.