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Emerging novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)-current scenario, evolutionary perspective based on genome analysis and recent
Yashpal Singh Malik1, Shubhankar Sircar1, Sudipta Bhat1
1Division of Biological Standardization, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
The Veterinary Quarterly
|February 11, 2020
Summary
The novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak in Wuhan has led to a global health emergency. Research is underway to identify the virus origin and develop diagnostics and vaccines.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Coronaviruses cause severe infections in various hosts.
- Increased scientific interest followed SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV outbreaks.
- A novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) emerged in Wuhan, China, declared a global health emergency.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the emergence and characteristics of the 2019-nCoV outbreak.
- To highlight the suspected zoonotic origin and potential animal reservoirs.
- To emphasize the need for diagnostics and vaccines.
Main Methods:
- Review of emerging data on the 2019-nCoV outbreak.
- Genetic analyses to predict the virus's origin.
- Monitoring of global spread and mortality rates.
Main Results:
- The 2019-nCoV outbreak rapidly spread to 24 countries by February 2020.
- Over 425 deaths were reported in China, with one death outside.
- Bats are suspected as the primary source, pending further investigation.
Conclusions:
- The outbreak underscores the risk of zoonotic spillover from wild animal reservoirs.
- Successful virus isolation facilitates the development of diagnostics and vaccines.
- Urgent global collaboration is needed to control the spread of 2019-nCoV.
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