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Emerging novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)-current scenario, evolutionary perspective based on genome analysis and recent

Yashpal Singh Malik1, Shubhankar Sircar1, Sudipta Bhat1

  • 1Division of Biological Standardization, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.

The Veterinary Quarterly
|February 11, 2020
PubMed

Insights

The novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak in Wuhan has led to a global health emergency. Research is underway to identify the virus origin and develop diagnostics and vaccines.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Coronaviruses cause severe infections in various hosts.
  • Increased scientific interest followed SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV outbreaks.
  • A novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) emerged in Wuhan, China, declared a global health emergency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the emergence and characteristics of the 2019-nCoV outbreak.
  • To highlight the suspected zoonotic origin and potential animal reservoirs.
  • To emphasize the need for diagnostics and vaccines.

Main Methods:

  • Review of emerging data on the 2019-nCoV outbreak.
  • Genetic analyses to predict the virus's origin.
  • Monitoring of global spread and mortality rates.

Main Results:

  • The 2019-nCoV outbreak rapidly spread to 24 countries by February 2020.
  • Over 425 deaths were reported in China, with one death outside.
  • Bats are suspected as the primary source, pending further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • The outbreak underscores the risk of zoonotic spillover from wild animal reservoirs.
  • Successful virus isolation facilitates the development of diagnostics and vaccines.
  • Urgent global collaboration is needed to control the spread of 2019-nCoV.
Keywords:
2019-nCoVCoronavirusMiddle East Respiratory Syndrome CoVPublic Health EmergencySevere Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoVgenetic analysesreservoir hosttherapeuticsvaccineszoonoses

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