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Risks associated with enterococci as probiotics.

Xingmin Wang1, Yonghong Yang2, Mark M Huycke3

  • 1Institute of Genetics and Reproductive Medicine, Nantong Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226018, China; School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.

Food Research International (Ottawa, Ont.)
|February 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Enterococci, used as probiotics, possess virulence factors and antibiotic resistance, posing risks for hospital-acquired infections. Their safety and efficacy as probiotics are not clinically proven, making them unsuitable for human use.

Keywords:
Antibiotic resistanceColorectal cancerEnterococcusGene transferInfectionProbioticsVirulence

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Probiotics offer health benefits by modulating host microbiota and immunity.
  • Enterococci are common gut microbes used in food and as probiotics.
  • However, enterococci exhibit virulence traits and antibiotic resistance, posing health risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and efficacy of enterococci as probiotics.
  • To highlight the risks associated with enterococcal probiotic use.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature on enterococci.
  • Analysis of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance mechanisms in enterococci.
  • Assessment of clinical trial data and regulatory approvals for enterococcal probiotics.

Main Results:

  • Enterococci possess numerous virulence factors (e.g., cytolysin, biofilm formation) and readily acquire antibiotic resistance.
  • No large-scale clinical trials demonstrate the safety and efficacy of enterococcal probiotics.
  • Regulatory bodies like the FDA and EFSA have not approved enterococcal probiotics due to safety concerns.

Conclusions:

  • Enterococci's pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance make them poor candidates for probiotics.
  • Rigorous screening for safety and efficacy is crucial for any proposed enterococcal probiotic strains.
  • Current evidence does not support the use of enterococci as probiotics in humans.