Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 29, 2025
In Vivo Imaging Uncovers the Migratory Behavior of Leukocytes within the Joints
Published on: December 9, 2025
Standardized Xylocarpus moluccensis fruit fraction mitigates collagen-induced arthritis in mice by regulating immune
Priya Gupta1, Amit Kumar1, Subhashis Pal2
1Division of Pharmacology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow, India.
Objective:
This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of Xylocarpus moluccensis fruit fraction (F018) on the pathogenesis of collagen-induced arthritis in mice.
Methods:
Arthritis was induced by intradermal injection of collagen (2 mg/ml) with complete Freund's adjuvant in DBA/1J mice. F018 was administered orally at 1, 3 and 10 mg/kg for 20 days. Disease progression and mechanism were assessed by micro-CT analysis, RT-PCR, flow cytometry assay, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and MTT assay.
Results:
F018 at 3 and 10 mg/kg significantly reduced paw thickness, clinical score, mononuclear cell infiltration and collagen layer depletion in the knee section of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice when compared with collagen-induced arthritis mice alone. Furthermore, F018 treatment in collagen-induced arthritis mice significantly recovered bone volume and trabecular number and decreased the trabecular space by modulating RANKL and OPG mRNA expression in the synovial tissue. F018 treatment in collagen-induced arthritis mice significantly attenuated spleen index, lymphocyte proliferation and paw myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFα, IL1β, and IL6 mRNA expression and enhanced IL10 mRNA expression in paw tissue. Furthermore, F018 treatment in collagen-induced arthritis mice significantly reduced splenic dendritic cell maturation and Th17 cells. In culture, F018 significantly decreased collagen-induced arthritis-FLS proliferation and promoted apoptosis.
Conclusion:
F018 may serve as a potential curative agent for arthritis.
Insights
Xylocarpus moluccensis fruit fraction (F018) effectively treats collagen-induced arthritis in mice by reducing inflammation and joint damage. This natural compound shows promise as a potential therapeutic agent for arthritis management.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Immunology
- Natural Products Chemistry
Background:
- Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by joint inflammation and destruction.
- Current treatments for rheumatoid arthritis have limitations and side effects.
- Natural products are being explored for their therapeutic potential in treating inflammatory diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the therapeutic effects of Xylocarpus moluccensis fruit fraction (F018) on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice.
- To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of F018's action in CIA.
Main Methods:
- Collagen-induced arthritis was established in DBA/1J mice.
- Mice were treated with varying doses of F018 (1, 3, and 10 mg/kg) orally for 20 days.
- Disease progression was assessed using micro-CT, RT-PCR, flow cytometry, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and MTT assays.
Main Results:
- F018 treatment significantly reduced paw swelling, clinical scores, and inflammatory cell infiltration in CIA mice.
- F018 modulated RANKL and OPG expression, improved bone microarchitecture, and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL1β, IL6).
- F018 inhibited lymphocyte proliferation, dendritic cell maturation, Th17 cell differentiation, and fibroblast-like synoviocyte proliferation, while promoting apoptosis.
Conclusions:
- Xylocarpus moluccensis fruit fraction (F018) exhibits significant anti-arthritic properties.
- F018 demonstrates potential as a novel therapeutic agent for managing arthritis.
