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Role of Host and Pathogen-Derived MicroRNAs in Immune Regulation During Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases

Kumari Chandan1, Meenakshi Gupta1, Maryam Sarwat1

  • 1Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, India.

Frontiers in Immunology
|February 11, 2020
PubMed

Insights

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression in the immune system. Targeting miRNA expression offers a novel strategy for diagnosing and treating inflammatory and infectious diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression.
  • miRNAs play crucial roles in immune system functions, including antibody production and inflammatory responses.
  • Dysregulation of miRNAs is implicated in immune-related diseases such as inflammatory disorders, allergies, and cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of miRNAs as gene expression regulators in the immune system.
  • To investigate the potential of miRNAs in the context of inflammatory and infectious diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on miRNA function in immunity.
  • Analysis of miRNA targeting mechanisms in immune system genes.
  • Examination of miRNA expression patterns in inflammatory and infectious conditions.

Main Results:

  • miRNAs differentially target immune system genes compared to the average human genome.
  • miRNAs regulate both innate and acquired immune responses.
  • Altered miRNA expression (upregulation or downregulation) is observed in various inflammatory and infectious diseases.

Conclusions:

  • miRNAs are critical regulators of immune responses and inflammation.
  • Targeting miRNA expression presents a promising novel strategy for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of immune-related and infectious conditions.
Keywords:
hostimmunityinfectioninflammationmiRNApathogen

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