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This review explores helical anion foldamers, which use anions to create dynamic molecular structures. These supramolecular complexes offer insights into induced chirality, catalysis, and anion transport.

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Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Organic Chemistry

Background:

  • Anions are increasingly used to direct molecular structure in dynamic and switchable supramolecular chemistry.
  • Anion foldamers, defined as helical complexes incorporating anions, are a key focus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in helical anion foldamers in solution.
  • To discuss foldamer structure, nomenclature, and the anions employed.
  • To examine functional foldamers for single and multiple anion binding.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on helical anion foldamers.
  • Analysis of crystal structures to understand complex formation.
  • Categorization of multianion foldamers by strand number (single- to triple-strand).

Main Results:

  • Detailed examination of functional foldamers exhibiting induced chirality, stimuli-responsive dynamics, fluorescence changes, organocatalysis, anion transport, and halogen bonding.
  • Discussion of single-anion binding foldamers and their diverse applications.
  • Inspection of multianion foldamers, including single-, double-, and triple-strand configurations.

Conclusions:

  • Helical anion foldamers represent a significant and growing area of supramolecular chemistry.
  • These foldamers demonstrate diverse functionalities, including catalysis and anion transport.
  • Recent developments highlight hydrogen- and halogen-bonding in triple-strand anion foldamers.