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Updated: Dec 28, 2025

Ethylene Polymerizations Using Parallel Pressure Reactors and a Kinetic Analysis of Chain Transfer Polymerization
Published on: November 27, 2015
Influence of initiating groups on phosphino-phenolate nickel catalyzed ethylene (co)polymerization
Yue Zhang1, Yixin Zhang2, Yue Chi3
1College of Chemical Engineering, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, 130012, China and Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Material Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China. yuechi@ccut.edu.cn and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, China. zbjian@ciac.ac.cn.
Abstract:
In transition-metal catalyst structures, both the ligand structure and the initiating group are crucial components for olefin polymerization. Compared to numerous studies on tuning the electronic and steric effects of ligands, there is no report on the comprehensive investigation of initiating groups. In this contribution, five different initiating groups including "NiMe", "NiPh", "Ni(allyl)", "Ni(COD)", and "Ni(acac)/AlEt2Cl" were designed and installed into sterically bulky phosphino-phenolate nickel complexes Ni1-Ni5, respectively, which were further tested for ethylene (co)polymerization. In ethylene polymerization, the order of activity was Ni1-PPh3 (NiMe) > Ni2 (NiPh) ≫ Ni3 (Ni(allyl)) = Ni4 (Ni(COD)) = Ni5 (Ni(acac)) at low temperature conditions (30 °C) with Ni1 being the most active group (850 kg mol-1 h-1). By comparison, at high temperatures (50 °C-90 °C), the activity followed the trend of Ni2 > Ni1-PPh3 > Ni4 ≫ Ni5 > Ni3 with Ni2 exhibiting the highest activity of 6290 kg mol-1 h-1. These results indicated that the choice of initiating groups was important in the polymerization reaction. In addition, Ni1-pyr and Ni2 enabled the copolymerization of ethylene with polar comonomers such as vinyl trimethoxysilane, 6-chloro-1-hexene, and nbutyl allyl ether to give polar functionalized polyethylenes with incorporation of up to 1.28 mol% and high molecular weights (up to 66 kDa).
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