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Desiccation Tolerance: Avoiding Cellular Damage During Drying and Rehydration.

Melvin J Oliver1,2, Jill M Farrant3, Henk W M Hilhorst4

  • 1Plant Genetics Research Unit, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.

Annual Review of Plant Biology
|February 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Desiccation tolerance, an ancient plant trait, allows seeds and some vegetative tissues to survive extreme drying. Tolerant cells employ protective mechanisms against desiccation and rehydration stresses, a key survival strategy.

Keywords:
cellular protectiondesiccationdesiccation tolerancemechanical stressmetabolic stressreactive oxygen speciesresurrection plantssenescence

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Cellular Stress Physiology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Desiccation is lethal to most plants, but seeds and a few vegetative tissues exhibit desiccation tolerance.
  • This ancient trait was lost in vegetative tissues with vascular evolution but re-evolved in specific lineages.
  • Desiccation-tolerant organisms require core cellular mechanisms to prevent damage during drying and rehydration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review how desiccation causes cellular damage in plants.
  • To explore the mechanisms employed by desiccation-tolerant cells to mitigate stresses.
  • To examine the role of comparative genomics in understanding desiccation tolerance.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on plant desiccation tolerance.
  • Analysis of cellular damage and protective strategies during desiccation and rehydration.
  • Exploration of genomic insights into desiccation tolerance mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Desiccation induces complex mechanical, structural, metabolic, and chemical stresses on cells.
  • Tolerant cells utilize specific mechanisms to survive these stresses and manage rehydration.
  • Comparative genomics reveals conserved and lineage-specific protective strategies.
  • Vegetative desiccation tolerance effectively circumvents stress-induced cell senescence.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding desiccation tolerance is crucial for plant survival in arid environments.
  • Cellular mechanisms for managing desiccation and rehydration stress are vital for plant resilience.
  • Genomic approaches offer powerful tools for dissecting the evolution and function of desiccation tolerance.