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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

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IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
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Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis01:30

Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis

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Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe health condition in which the mean pulmonary arterial pressure increases to 25 mmHg or more, even when the body is at rest. This high pressure in the blood vessels that transport blood from the heart to the lungs can cause various symptoms, including shortness of breath, can lead to right heart failure, and significantly affect the overall quality of life.
There are various classifications for PH, each relating to different underlying causes and also...
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Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management

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IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular...
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Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:29

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

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Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...
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Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

158
Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
158
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

325
Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 28, 2025

Catheter-based Endovascular Angioplasty for Fibrosing Mediastinitis-associated Pulmonary Vein Stenosis
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Catheter-based Endovascular Angioplasty for Fibrosing Mediastinitis-associated Pulmonary Vein Stenosis

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Pulmonary valve papillary fibroelastoma.

Dimitrios Papasaikas1, Konstantinos C Theodoropoulos1, Aneel Zaheer2

  • 1Department of Cardiology, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, King's College London, London, UK.

Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.)
|February 12, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A 70-year-old woman experienced shortness of breath due to a cardiac papillary fibroelastoma. Surgical removal of the pulmonary valve mass confirmed this rare tumor, resolving her symptoms.

Keywords:
Fibroelastomapulmonary valvetransesophageal echocardiography

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiac Pathology
  • Surgical Oncology

Background:

  • Cardiac tumors are rare, with papillary fibroelastomas being the most common primary cardiac tumors.
  • These tumors often arise from endocardial surfaces, particularly heart valves.

Observation:

  • A 70-year-old female presented with exertional dyspnea.
  • Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a large mass on the ventricular aspect of the pulmonary valve.
  • Transesophageal echocardiography provided detailed anatomical characterization of the mass.

Findings:

  • Surgical excision of the mass was performed.
  • Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of cardiac papillary fibroelastoma.
  • The mass was located on the pulmonary valve.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of echocardiography in diagnosing cardiac masses.
  • Surgical resection is an effective treatment for symptomatic cardiac papillary fibroelastomas.
  • Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent serious complications such as thromboembolism or obstruction.