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Valence Bond Theory02:42

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Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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Color in Coordination Complexes
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The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
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Organometallic compounds are compounds that contain a carbon–metal bond. Carbon belongs to an organyl group like alkyl, aryl, allyl, or benzyl groups. The metal can be from Group I or Group II of the periodic table, a transition metal, or a semimetal.
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In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
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Metallic bonds are formed between two metal atoms. A simplified model to describe metallic bonding has been developed by Paul Drüde called the “Electron Sea Model”. 
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Paramagnetic Metal-Metal Bonded Heterometallic Complexes.

Jill A Chipman1, John F Berry1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison Wisconsin 53706, United States.

Chemical Reviews
|February 12, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Researchers review paramagnetic multimetallic coordination complexes featuring heterometallic bonds. This summary covers synthesis, structure, magnetic properties, and electronic delocalization in these advanced materials.

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Area of Science:

  • Coordination Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Magnetochemistry

Background:

  • Recent advancements in synthesizing paramagnetic multimetallic coordination complexes.
  • Exploration of diverse structural classes: heterobimetallic, heterotrimetallic (linear/triangular), linear arrays (>3 metals), and coordination polymers.
  • Emergence of heterometallic metal-metal bonds as a key feature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review synthetic methodologies for accessing paramagnetic multimetallic complexes.
  • To analyze the structural characteristics, magnetic behaviors, and electronic structures of these compounds.
  • To provide insights into electron delocalization across heterometallic bonds for predicting molecular conductance.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on synthetic strategies for creating heterometallic metal-metal bonded complexes.
  • Utilizing the formal shortness ratio (FSR) for comparing metal-metal bond distances across various metal sizes.
  • Applying extended Goodenough-Kanamori rules to describe magnetic interactions mediated by a third metal atom.

Main Results:

  • Detailed examination of synthetic routes and structural diversity in multimetallic complexes.
  • Characterization of magnetic properties, including extensions of established magnetic interaction rules.
  • Analysis of electronic structures, emphasizing electron delocalization across heterometallic bonds.

Conclusions:

  • Paramagnetic multimetallic complexes with heterometallic bonds represent a significant area of chemical research.
  • Understanding their synthesis, structure, and magnetic properties is crucial for developing new materials.
  • Insights into electronic delocalization enable predictions for applications in molecular electronics, such as molecular wires.