Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

30.1K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
30.1K
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

47.6K
Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
47.6K
X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

25.6K
The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
25.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Input to the European strategy for particle physics: strong-field quantum electrodynamics.

European physical journal plus·2025
Same author

Nonlinear Thomson scattering with ponderomotive control.

Physical review. E·2022
Same author

Sarri et al. Reply.

Physical review letters·2020
Same author

Imaging of primary malignant tumors in non-cirrhotic liver.

Diagnostic and interventional imaging·2020
Same author

Swallowing evaluation with videofluoroscopy in the paediatric population.

Acta otorhinolaryngologica Italica : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di otorinolaringologia e chirurgia cervico-facciale·2019
Same author

Quantum Limitation to the Coherent Emission of Accelerated Charges.

Physical review letters·2018
Same journal

Erratum: Bacterial Turbulence at Compressible Fluid Interfaces [Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 138301 (2026)].

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Unveiling Light-Quark Yukawa Flavor Structure via Dihadron Fragmentation at Lepton Colliders.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Adaptable Route to Fast Coherent State Transport via Bang-Bang-Bang Protocols.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Topological Transition and Emergence of Elasticity of Dislocation in Skyrmion Lattice: Beyond Kittel's Magnetic-Polar Analogy.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Pound-Drever-Hall Method for Superconducting-Qubit Readout.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Coupling a ^{73}Ge Nuclear Spin to an Electrostatically Defined Quantum Dot in Silicon.

Physical review letters·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 28, 2025

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
08:55

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

8.8K

Testing Strong Field QED Close to the Fully Nonperturbative Regime Using Aligned Crystals.

A Di Piazza1, T N Wistisen1, M Tamburini1

  • 1Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Saupfercheckweg 1, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.

Physical Review Letters
|February 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study demonstrates how channeling radiation from high-energy electrons in tungsten crystals can probe the strong field regime of quantum electrodynamics (QED). The experiment allows testing QED predictions near a nonperturbative limit using photon intensity spectra.

More Related Videos

Measurements of Long-range Electronic Correlations During Femtosecond Diffraction Experiments Performed on Nanocrystals of Buckminsterfullerene
08:44

Measurements of Long-range Electronic Correlations During Femtosecond Diffraction Experiments Performed on Nanocrystals of Buckminsterfullerene

Published on: August 22, 2017

8.0K
Quantitative Atomic-Site Analysis of Functional Dopants/Point Defects in Crystalline Materials by Electron-Channeling-Enhanced Microanalysis
07:24

Quantitative Atomic-Site Analysis of Functional Dopants/Point Defects in Crystalline Materials by Electron-Channeling-Enhanced Microanalysis

Published on: May 10, 2021

6.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 28, 2025

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
08:55

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

8.8K
Measurements of Long-range Electronic Correlations During Femtosecond Diffraction Experiments Performed on Nanocrystals of Buckminsterfullerene
08:44

Measurements of Long-range Electronic Correlations During Femtosecond Diffraction Experiments Performed on Nanocrystals of Buckminsterfullerene

Published on: August 22, 2017

8.0K
Quantitative Atomic-Site Analysis of Functional Dopants/Point Defects in Crystalline Materials by Electron-Channeling-Enhanced Microanalysis
07:24

Quantitative Atomic-Site Analysis of Functional Dopants/Point Defects in Crystalline Materials by Electron-Channeling-Enhanced Microanalysis

Published on: May 10, 2021

6.7K

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Electrodynamics (QED)
  • High-Energy Physics
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Strong field quantum electrodynamics (QED) involves electromagnetic fields near the critical field strength (Fcr).
  • A conjectured regime exists where electron-effective coupling with radiation approaches unity at field strengths of approximately Fcr/α^(3/2).
  • Testing this nonperturbative regime requires extreme electromagnetic field strengths.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally test predictions of QED in the strong field regime.
  • To investigate the nonperturbative coupling of electrons with radiation.
  • To utilize channeling radiation for probing extreme electromagnetic fields.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing ultrarelativistic electrons (TeV energies) interacting with thin tungsten crystals.
  • Measuring the angularly resolved single photon intensity spectrum.
  • Leveraging the unique conditions of channeling radiation for single photon emission and maximal field strength experienced by electrons.

Main Results:

  • The proposed setup allows testing QED predictions near the conjectured nonperturbative regime.
  • Electrons experience field strengths exceeding Fcr by over two orders of magnitude in their rest frame.
  • The experimental conditions facilitate the study of electron-radiation interaction at near-unity coupling.

Conclusions:

  • Channeling radiation in tungsten crystals provides a viable method to explore the strong field regime of QED.
  • The experimental setup enables probing fundamental QED interactions under extreme conditions.
  • This research offers a pathway to validate theoretical predictions in a previously inaccessible domain.