Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview01:27

π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview

1.6K
An applied magnetic field causes loosely bound π-electrons in organic molecules to circulate, producing a local or induced diamagnetic field over a large spatial volume. As the molecules tumble in solution, the field generated by π-electrons in spherical substituents results in a zero net field. However, the net field generated by π-electrons in non-spherical substituents is not zero. The effect of this induced field depends on the orientation of the molecule with respect to B0,...
1.6K
Electromagnetic Waves in Matter01:30

Electromagnetic Waves in Matter

3.9K
Electromagnetic waves can travel in the vacuum as well as in matter. For example light, which is an electromagnetic wave, can travel through air, water, or glass.
Consider the electromagnetic wave passing through a dielectric medium. In such a case, Maxwell's equations get modified. In Ampere's law, ε0 , the dielectric permittivity of free space is replaced with ε, the permittivity of dielectric. Also, the vacuum permeability μ0 is replaced by the permeability of the medium, μ.
Furthermore,...
3.9K
Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement (NOE)01:06

Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement (NOE)

1.3K
Irradiation of a spin-active nucleus causes an increase or decrease in the signal intensity of neighboring nuclei that are not necessarily chemically bonded or involved in J-coupling. This phenomenon, called the nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE), results from through-space interactions between the nuclear spins. The NOE effect decreases with increasing internuclear distance and is generally not observed beyond 4 angstroms. In NOE, dipole-dipole interactions between neighboring spin-active...
1.3K
Electromagnetic Fields01:30

Electromagnetic Fields

2.7K
Electric fields generated by static charges, often referred to as electrostatic fields, are characteristically different from electric fields created by time-varying magnetic fields. While the former is a conservative field, implying that no net work is done on a test charge if it goes around in a complete loop in the field, the latter is, by definition, not a conservative field; net work is done, and it is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux.
However, the observation of...
2.7K
The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom02:45

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom

56.4K
Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra.
56.4K
Fermi Level Dynamics01:12

Fermi Level Dynamics

626
The vacuum level denotes the energy threshold required for an electron to escape from a material surface. It is usually positioned above the conduction band of a semiconductor and acts as a benchmark for comparing electron energies within various materials.
Electron affinity in semiconductors refers to the energy gap between the minimum of its conduction band and the vacuum level and it is a critical parameter in determining how easily a semiconductor can accept additional electrons.
The work...
626

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Informed ownership and lower social deprivation are associated with provision of preventative healthcare for pet rabbits.

Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)·2026
Same author

Other science opportunities at the FCC-ee.

European physical journal plus·2026
Same author

Fermion-Selective Tests of New Physics with the Bound-Electron g Factor.

Physical review letters·2026
Same author

Vacuum Muon Decay and Interaction with Laser Pulses.

Physical review letters·2026
Same author

III-Nitride MEMS drum resonators on flexible metal substrates.

Microsystems & nanoengineering·2025
Same author

Improved Bound-Electron g-Factor Theory through Complete Two-Loop QED Calculations.

Physical review letters·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
05:39

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

10.2K

Input to the European strategy for particle physics: strong-field quantum electrodynamics.

G Sarri1, B King2, T Blackburn3

  • 1School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, BT7 1NN Belfast, UK.

European Physical Journal Plus
|December 2, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers aim to study quantum electrodynamics (QED) in extreme fields, exploring non-perturbative phenomena like pair production and vacuum birefringence. This research will utilize high-power lasers and large collaborations for high-statistics measurements.

More Related Videos

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models
07:46

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

Published on: November 15, 2013

8.9K
Silicon Metal-oxide-semiconductor Quantum Dots for Single-electron Pumping
14:58

Silicon Metal-oxide-semiconductor Quantum Dots for Single-electron Pumping

Published on: June 3, 2015

15.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
05:39

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

10.2K
Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models
07:46

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

Published on: November 15, 2013

8.9K
Silicon Metal-oxide-semiconductor Quantum Dots for Single-electron Pumping
14:58

Silicon Metal-oxide-semiconductor Quantum Dots for Single-electron Pumping

Published on: June 3, 2015

15.3K

Area of Science:

  • High-energy physics
  • Quantum electrodynamics (QED)
  • Strong-field physics

Background:

  • Current understanding of QED is limited in non-perturbative regimes.
  • Experimental observation of exotic phenomena in strong fields remains elusive.
  • Advancements in high-power laser technology enable new experimental frontiers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct high-statistics parametric studies of QED in the non-perturbative regime.
  • To experimentally investigate predicted phenomena such as Breit-Wheeler pair production and vacuum birefringence.
  • To pave the way for studying elastic photon scattering and potential QED breakdown at extreme fields.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing state-of-the-art high-power laser facilities.
  • Performing numerical simulations alongside experimental studies.
  • Developing advanced detectors and optimizing experimental parameters through large-scale collaborations.

Main Results:

  • The study aims to provide the first direct, high-statistics observations of non-perturbative QED phenomena.
  • Quantitative data will be gathered on processes occurring at fields near or exceeding the Schwinger limit.
  • The research will inform the design of future high-energy colliders.

Conclusions:

  • This experimental program will transition QED research from qualitative observations to quantitative measurements.
  • It will open a new window into fundamental physics at the intensity frontier.
  • Successful execution requires significant international collaboration and technological advancement.