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Globe thermometer free convection error potentials.

Eric Teitelbaum1,2, Kian Wee Chen3, Forrest Meggers4,3

  • 1School of Architecture, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA. eteitelb@princeton.edu.

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Globe thermometers may overestimate mean radiant temperature (tr) due to uncorrected free convection. This study reveals potential systematic errors in thermal comfort research, suggesting a need for revised measurement corrections.

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Area of Science:

  • Building Science
  • Environmental Engineering
  • Thermal Comfort

Background:

  • Globe thermometers are standard for mean radiant temperature (tr) measurement in thermal comfort research.
  • Existing corrections for globe thermometer readings primarily account for forced convection, potentially overlooking free convection effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and quantify errors in mean radiant temperature (tr) measurements caused by free convection induced by radiant forcing.
  • To develop and validate a mixed convection correction for globe thermometer readings.

Main Methods:

  • Empirical simulations and experimental data collection in a radiant cooling system with significant air-to-radiant temperature differences.
  • Comparison of standard globe thermometer correction readings against ground truth measurements.

Main Results:

  • Standard corrections resulted in readings 1.94 ± 0.90 °C higher than ground truth.
  • The proposed mixed convection correction yielded readings 0.51 ± 1.07 °C higher than ground truth, with accuracy within 0.25 ± 0.60 °C at low air speeds.

Conclusions:

  • Neglecting free convection in globe thermometer measurements can lead to systematic errors, potentially affecting decades of thermal comfort research.
  • A mixed convection correction is proposed to improve the accuracy of mean radiant temperature (tr) measurements, especially in low air speed environments.