Resorbable Versus Titanium Fixation of Le Fort I Osteotomy

Resorbable and titanium systems have been used in maxillary fixation. The aim of this review was to evaluate stability and morbidity of Le Fort I osteotomy by comparing both systems. It was performed in 11 databases, and reported according to preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis. Randomized and nonrandomized clinical trials, and retrospective comparative studies with patients who underwent nonsegmented Le Fort I osteotomy were included. Eleven articles were selected, with a total of 262 patients treated with resorbable and 252 with titanium fixation. The meta-analysis showed that when measured at point A, horizontal stability was 0.06 mm (95% confidence interval [CI] -0.19, 0.30), vertical stability for impaction was -0.43 mm (95% CI -0.94, 0.07), and for inferior repositioning was -1.29 mm (95% CI -2.62, 0.04). Morbidity was similar in the groups. Regarding infection, resorbable presented an absolute risk (AR) = 0.032, and titanium an AR = 0.025 (P = 1.0). For soft tissue reaction, an AR = 0.120 was shown for resorbable, and an AR = 0.132 for titanium (P = 0.85). Removal of fixation showed an AR = 0.024 for resorbable, and an AR = 0.025 for titanium (P = 1.0). Based on these results, resorbable and metal fixation systems seem to be equivalent with respect to stability and morbidity. This review was limited by the quality of the studies. Future studies should address these quality limitations to improve comparison between these 2 fixation approaches.