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Competency-based education in pharmacy: A review of its development, applications, and challenges
Maram Gamal Katoue1, Terry L Schwinghammer2
1Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kuwait University Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait, State of Kuwait.
Competency-based education (CBE) is increasingly used in pharmacy programs to ensure a competent workforce. Implementing competency-based pharmacy education (CBPE) offers benefits but requires strong leadership and faculty development.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacy Education
- Health Professions Education
- Competency-Based Education
Background:
- A growing interest exists in competency-based education (CBE) for health professionals, including pharmacists.
- This educational model aims to produce a competent pharmacy workforce capable of meeting societal healthcare demands.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the application of CBE in pharmacist education and training.
- To outline the process of developing a competency-based pharmacy curriculum.
- To identify the benefits and challenges of implementing CBE in pharmacy.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature review was performed using PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and ERIC.
- Searches covered publications from 1975 to 2019, focusing on competency development in pharmacy programs and existing frameworks.
Main Results:
- Competency-based education (CBE) is gaining traction in pharmacy, particularly in developed nations.
- Competency frameworks support curriculum design, accreditation, and licensure for pharmacy programs.
- Competency-based pharmacy education (CBPE) is applied across undergraduate, postgraduate, and professional development levels, presenting both advantages and challenges.
Conclusions:
- Competency-based pharmacy education (CBPE) improves pharmacy education's responsiveness to evolving healthcare needs.
- CBPE models are implemented globally, with notable adoption in developed countries and emerging interest in developing regions.
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