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Immunization of Alpacas Lama pacos with Protein Antigens and Production of Antigen-specific Single Domain Antibodies

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Published on: January 26, 2019

Alimentary necrobacillosis in alpacas.

Francisco R Carvallo^1,2,3,4,5, Francisco A Uzal^1,2,3,4,5, Carlos Flores^1,2,3,4,5

¹California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, San Bernardino (Carvallo, Uzal) branches, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA.

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation : Official Publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc

|February 20, 2020

Summary

Ulcers in South American camelids are rare. Fusobacterium necrophorum was identified in five alpacas with oral, esophageal, and gastric ulcers, often secondary to other conditions.

Keywords:

Fusobacterium necrophorum alpacas gastric compartments necrobacillosis

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Pathology
Microbiology

Background:

Alimentary ulcers in South American camelids are infrequently documented.
Investigating the etiology of gastrointestinal lesions in camelids is crucial for herd health.

Observation:

Multifocal-to-coalescing ulcers were observed in the oral cavity, esophagus, and/or gastric compartments of five alpacas during postmortem examination.
Fusobacterium necrophorum was consistently isolated from these ulcerated lesions.

Findings:

Fusobacterium necrophorum was identified in all five cases, often alongside other aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
In four alpacas, F. necrophorum-associated ulcers were secondary to underlying conditions like neoplasia or chronic debilitating diseases.
In one alpaca, alimentary ulcers were the primary finding at autopsy.

Implications:

This study highlights Fusobacterium necrophorum as a significant bacterial agent associated with alimentary ulcers in alpacas.
Further research is needed to determine if F. necrophorum acts as a primary pathogen or an opportunistic invader in camelid mucosal diseases.
Understanding the pathogenesis of these ulcers is vital for developing effective treatment and prevention strategies in camelid populations.