Natural polysaccharides experience physiochemical and functional changes during preparation: A review.

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Food Science
• Materials Science

Background:

• Natural polysaccharides are crucial in various research and development fields.
• Effective preparation methods are essential for obtaining polysaccharides with desired properties.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the impact of preparation methods on natural polysaccharide characteristics.
• To identify key factors influencing polysaccharide composition, structure, and function.
• To explore mechanisms behind physicochemical changes and their control.

Main Methods:

• Extraction, pre-purification, and dehydration techniques were employed.
• Analysis of physicochemical changes induced by factors like temperature, pH, enzymes, ultrasound, and microwave.
• Application of multiple linear regression models to describe polysaccharide degradation.
• Investigation of polysaccharide interactions with other compounds.

Main Results:

• Preparation conditions significantly affect polysaccharide composition, structure, and function.
• Molecular degradation and intermolecular interactions are key mechanisms of change.
• Hydrothermal and ultrasonic treatments can lead to polysaccharide degradation, predictable by regression models.
• Selective triggering or elimination of interactions allows for functional polysaccharide isolation.

Conclusions:

• Physicochemical changes during polysaccharide preparation are influenced by various factors and mechanisms.
• Predictive models can aid in controlling polysaccharide degradation.
• Understanding and manipulating intermolecular interactions is key to obtaining functional polysaccharides.
• This research provides insights for efficient utilization of natural and modified polysaccharides.